वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-8, verse-28

एतावदुक्त्वा वचनं बाष्पदूषितलोचनः ।
बाष्पोपहतया वाचा नोच्चैः शक्नोति भाषितुम् ॥२८॥

28. etāvaduktvā vacanaṃ bāṣpadūṣitalocanaḥ ,
bāṣpopahatayā vācā noccaiḥ śaknoti bhāṣitum.

28. etāvat uktvā vacanam bāṣpadūṣitalocanaḥ
bāṣpopahatayā vācā na uccaiḥ śaknoti bhāṣitum

28. etāvat vacanam uktvā,
bāṣpadūṣitalocanaḥ,
bāṣpopahatayā vācā (saḥ) uccaiḥ bhāṣitum na śaknoti.

28. Having spoken these words, his eyes clouded by tears, and with a voice choked by tears, he was unable to speak loudly.

Words meanings summery:

• एतावत् (etāvat) - so much, this much, these many

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, saying

• बाष्पदूषितलोचनः (bāṣpadūṣitalocanaḥ) - whose eyes are clouded/blurred by tears

• बाष्पोपहतया (bāṣpopahatayā) - by a voice impaired by tears, with a voice choked by tears

• वाचा (vācā) - by voice, with speech

• न (na) - not

• उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - loudly, high

• शक्नोति (śaknoti) - he is able, he can

• भाषितुम् (bhāṣitum) - to speak, to utter

Words meanings and morphology

एतावत् (etāvat) - so much, this much, these many

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etāvat

etāvat - so much, this much, so many, this many

Note: Modifies 'vacanam'.

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Connects the action of speaking to the main verb.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, saying, word, speech, statement

verbal noun

from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'uktvā'.

बाष्पदूषितलोचनः (bāṣpadūṣitalocanaḥ) - whose eyes are clouded/blurred by tears

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bāṣpadūṣitalocana

bāṣpadūṣitalocana - having eyes clouded by tears

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bāṣpa+dūṣita+locana)

• bāṣpa – tears, vapor, steam
  noun (masculine)
• dūṣita – defiled, corrupted, polluted, clouded
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root dūṣ (to spoil, pollute)
  Root: dūṣ (class 4)
• locana – eye
  noun (neuter)
  from root loc (to see)
  Root: loc (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject (Sugrīva).

बाष्पोपहतया (bāṣpopahatayā) - by a voice impaired by tears, with a voice choked by tears

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bāṣpopahata

bāṣpopahata - impaired by tears, choked by tears

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bāṣpa+upahata)

• bāṣpa – tears, vapor
  noun (masculine)
• upahata – struck, injured, impaired, afflicted
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from upa- + han (to strike)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'vācā'.

वाचा (vācā) - by voice, with speech

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - voice, speech, word

Note: Instrumental of means.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'śaknoti'.

उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - loudly, high

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'bhāṣitum'.

शक्नोति (śaknoti) - he is able, he can

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śak

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Main verb.

भाषितुम् (bhāṣitum) - to speak, to utter

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

from root bhāṣ (to speak)

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Infinitive.