वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-8, verse-31

पुराहं वलिना राम राज्यात् स्वादवरोपितः ।
परुषाणि च संश्राव्य निर्धूतो ऽस्मि बलीयसा ॥३१॥

31. purāhaṃ valinā rāma rājyāt svādavaropitaḥ ,
paruṣāṇi ca saṃśrāvya nirdhūto'smi balīyasā.

31. purā aham valinā rāma rājyāt svāt avaropitaḥ
paruṣāṇi ca saṃśrāvya nirdhūtaḥ asmi balīyasā

31. rāma purā aham valinā svāt rājyāt avaropitaḥ
ca balīyasā paruṣāṇi saṃśrāvya nirdhūtaḥ asmi

31. O Rāma, I was formerly dethroned from my own kingdom by Vali. And after he spoke harsh words to me, I was expelled by that more powerful one.

Words meanings summery:

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously

• अहम् (aham) - Refers to Sugriva. (I)

• वलिना (valinā) - by Vali

• राम (rāma) - O Rama

• राज्यात् (rājyāt) - from the kingdom

• स्वात् (svāt) - from one's own, from my own

• अवरोपितः (avaropitaḥ) - deposed, removed, brought down

• परुषाणि (paruṣāṇi) - harsh, rough, cruel words

• च (ca) - and, also

• संश्राव्य (saṁśrāvya) - having caused to hear, having proclaimed, having spoken

• निर्धूतः (nirdhūtaḥ) - expelled, cast out

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• बलीयसा (balīyasā) - Refers to Vali. (by the stronger one, by the more powerful one)

Words meanings and morphology

पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - Refers to Sugriva. (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun.

वलिना (valinā) - by Vali

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of valin

valin - Vali (name of a monkey king), powerful, strong

राम (rāma) - O Rama

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a deity/prince), pleasing, delightful

Root: ram (class 1)

राज्यात् (rājyāt) - from the kingdom

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, reign, sovereignty, government

Derived from 'rājan' (king).

Root: rāj (class 1)

स्वात् (svāt) - from one's own, from my own

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - own, one's own, self, kindred

अवरोपितः (avaropitaḥ) - deposed, removed, brought down

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avaropita

avaropita - deposed, caused to descend, put down, degraded

Past Passive Participle

From root √ruh (to grow, ascend) with upasarga ava- and causative suffix -i, then kta suffix.

Prefix: ava

Root: ruh (class 1)

परुषाणि (paruṣāṇi) - harsh, rough, cruel words

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of paruṣa

paruṣa - harsh, rough, severe, cruel, unpleasant, rugged

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

संश्राव्य (saṁśrāvya) - having caused to hear, having proclaimed, having spoken

(indeclinable)

Gerund (Absolutive)

From root √śru (to hear) with upasarga saṃ-, in causative.

Prefix: sam

Root: śru (class 5)

निर्धूतः (nirdhūtaḥ) - expelled, cast out

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirdhūta

nirdhūta - expelled, cast out, shaken off, rejected, cleared away

Past Passive Participle

From root √dhū (to shake) with upasarga nir-, then kta suffix.

Prefix: nis

Root: dhū (class 5)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present (Laṭ), 1st person singular, Parasmaipada.

Root: as (class 2)

बलीयसा (balīyasā) - Refers to Vali. (by the stronger one, by the more powerful one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of balīyas

balīyas - stronger, more powerful, very strong, mightier

Comparative degree of 'balin' or 'bala'.