वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-8, verse-8

आढ्यो वापि दरिद्रो वा दुःखितः सुखितो ऽपि वा ।
निर्दोषो वा सदोषो वा वयस्यः परमा गतिः ॥८॥

8. āḍhyo vāpi daridro vā duḥkhitaḥ sukhito'pi vā ,
nirdoṣo vā sadoṣo vā vayasyaḥ paramā gatiḥ.

8. āḍhyaḥ vā api daridraḥ vā duḥkhitaḥ sukhitaḥ api
vā nirdoṣaḥ vā sadoṣaḥ vā vayasyaḥ paramā gatiḥ

8. vayasyaḥ āḍhyaḥ vā api daridraḥ vā duḥkhitaḥ
sukhitaḥ api vā nirdoṣaḥ vā sadoṣaḥ vā paramā gatiḥ

8. Whether wealthy or poor, distressed or happy, innocent or guilty, a true friend (vayasyaḥ) is considered the ultimate refuge (paramā gatiḥ).

Words meanings summery:

• आढ्यः (āḍhyaḥ) - wealthy (wealthy, rich, opulent)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too, and)

• दरिद्रः (daridraḥ) - poor (poor, needy, indigent)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

• दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - distressed (distressed, sorrowful, unhappy, suffering)

• सुखितः (sukhitaḥ) - happy (happy, joyful, comfortable)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too, and)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

• निर्दोषः (nirdoṣaḥ) - innocent (faultless, innocent, blameless)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

• सदोषः (sadoṣaḥ) - guilty (faulty, blameworthy, sinful)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

• वयस्यः (vayasyaḥ) - a true friend (vayasyaḥ) (friend, companion, contemporary)

• परमा (paramā) - ultimate (ultimate, supreme, highest, best)

• गतिः (gatiḥ) - refuge (refuge, path, course, destination, state)

Words meanings and morphology

आढ्यः (āḍhyaḥ) - wealthy (wealthy, rich, opulent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āḍhya

āḍhya - rich, wealthy, opulent

Note: Refers to vayasyaḥ.

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too, and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to emphasize 'even if'.

दरिद्रः (daridraḥ) - poor (poor, needy, indigent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daridra

daridra - poor, needy, indigent

Derived from root 'daridrā' (to be poor, to beg) or possibly with reduplication from 'drā' (to flee).

Note: Refers to vayasyaḥ.

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - distressed (distressed, sorrowful, unhappy, suffering)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - distressed, sorrowful, unhappy, suffering

Past Passive Participle

From 'duḥkha' (suffering) + suffix 'ita'.

Note: Refers to vayasyaḥ.

सुखितः (sukhitaḥ) - happy (happy, joyful, comfortable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sukhita

sukhita - happy, joyful, comfortable

Past Passive Participle

From 'sukha' (happiness) + suffix 'ita'.

Note: Refers to vayasyaḥ.

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too, and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to emphasize 'even if'.

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

निर्दोषः (nirdoṣaḥ) - innocent (faultless, innocent, blameless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirdoṣa

nirdoṣa - faultless, innocent, blameless, free from defect

From 'nis' (without) and 'doṣa' (fault, defect).

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (nis+doṣa)

• nis – without, out, forth
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• doṣa – fault, defect, vice, sin
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'duṣ' (to be bad).
  Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Refers to vayasyaḥ.

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

सदोषः (sadoṣaḥ) - guilty (faulty, blameworthy, sinful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sadoṣa

sadoṣa - faulty, blameworthy, sinful, having defects

From 'sa' (with) and 'doṣa' (fault, defect).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+doṣa)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  Prefix meaning 'with'.
• doṣa – fault, defect, vice, sin
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'duṣ' (to be bad).
  Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Refers to vayasyaḥ.

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

वयस्यः (vayasyaḥ) - a true friend (vayasyaḥ) (friend, companion, contemporary)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vayasya

vayasya - friend, companion, contemporary, of the same age

From 'vayas' (age) + suffix 'ya'.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

परमा (paramā) - ultimate (ultimate, supreme, highest, best)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, chief, excellent, ultimate

Superlative form, derived from 'para' (other, distant).

Note: Agrees with gatiḥ.

गतिः (gatiḥ) - refuge (refuge, path, course, destination, state)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, movement, course, path, state, destination, refuge, means

Derived from root 'gam' (to go) with suffix 'ti'.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative.