वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-39, verse-62

ऊर्ध्वं मासान्न वस्तव्यं वसन् वध्यो भवेन्मम ।
सिद्धार्थाः संनिवर्तध्वमधिगम्य च मैथिलीम् ॥६२॥

62. ūrdhvaṃ māsānna vastavyaṃ vasan vadhyo bhavenmama ,
siddhārthāḥ saṃnivartadhvamadhigamya ca maithilīm.

62. ūrdhvam māsāt na vastavyam vasan vadhyaḥ bhavet mama
siddhārthāḥ saṃnivartadhvam adhigamya ca maithilīm

62. māsāt ūrdhvam na vastavyam.
vasan mama vadhyaḥ bhavet.
siddhārthāḥ ca maithilīm adhigamya saṃnivartadhvam.

62. You must not remain for more than a month. Anyone who stays longer will be subject to death by me. Having achieved your objective, specifically by finding Maithili (Sītā), you all must return.

Words meanings summery:

• ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - after (a month) (after, beyond, above)

• मासात् (māsāt) - from a month, after a month

• न (na) - not

• वस्तव्यम् (vastavyam) - it is not to be stayed (by anyone) (to be stayed, one should stay)

• वसन् (vasan) - anyone remaining (beyond the time limit) (dwelling, remaining, living)

• वध्यः (vadhyaḥ) - subject to death, executable (by me) (to be killed, punishable by death)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - he would be, may be

• मम (mama) - by me (as an agent in a passive construction, or expressing possession/relation) (my, for me)

• सिद्धार्थाः (siddhārthāḥ) - those who have achieved their aim (finding Sita) (having accomplished their purpose, successful)

• संनिवर्तध्वम् (saṁnivartadhvam) - you all return completely

• अधिगम्य (adhigamya) - having found (Maithili) (having found, having reached, having obtained)

• च (ca) - and

• मैथिलीम् (maithilīm) - Sītā, wife of Rāma (Maithili (princess of Mithila))

Words meanings and morphology

ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - after (a month) (after, beyond, above)

(indeclinable)

मासात् (māsāt) - from a month, after a month

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - month

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

वस्तव्यम् (vastavyam) - it is not to be stayed (by anyone) (to be stayed, one should stay)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vastavya

vastavya - to be dwelt in, to be lived, fit to be stayed

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Derived from root vas (to dwell, stay)

Root: vas (class 1)

वसन् (vasan) - anyone remaining (beyond the time limit) (dwelling, remaining, living)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vasant

vasant - dwelling, living, residing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root vas (to dwell, stay)

Root: vas (class 1)

वध्यः (vadhyaḥ) - subject to death, executable (by me) (to be killed, punishable by death)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadhya

vadhya - to be killed, to be struck, punishable by death

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Derived from root vadh (to strike, kill)

Root: vadh (class 1)

भवेत् (bhavet) - he would be, may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative 3rd Person Singular Active

Root: bhū (class 1)

मम (mama) - by me (as an agent in a passive construction, or expressing possession/relation) (my, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Often used for dative or agentive sense with gerundives.

सिद्धार्थाः (siddhārthāḥ) - those who have achieved their aim (finding Sita) (having accomplished their purpose, successful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of siddhārtha

siddhārtha - one whose object is attained, successful, accomplished

Compound type : bahuvrihi (siddha+artha)

• siddha – accomplished, achieved, prepared
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root sidh (to succeed, accomplish)
  Root: sidh (class 1)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

संनिवर्तध्वम् (saṁnivartadhvam) - you all return completely

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of saṃnivṛt

Imperative 2nd Person Plural Middle

From root vṛt (to turn) with prefixes sam- and ni-

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अधिगम्य (adhigamya) - having found (Maithili) (having found, having reached, having obtained)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root gam (to go) with prefix adhi-

Prefix: adhi

Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मैथिलीम् (maithilīm) - Sītā, wife of Rāma (Maithili (princess of Mithila))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of maithilī

maithilī - princess of Mithila, a name for Sītā

Derived from Mithilā (name of a city/kingdom)

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