वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-39, verse-16

सोमसूर्यात्मजैः सार्धं वानरैर्वानरोत्तम ।
देशकालनयैर्युक्तः कार्याकार्यविनिश्चये ॥१६॥

16. somasūryātmajaiḥ sārdhaṃ vānarairvānarottama ,
deśakālanayairyuktaḥ kāryākāryaviniścaye.

16. somasūryātmajaiḥ sārdham vānaraiḥ vānarottama
deśakālanayaiḥ yuktaḥ kāryākāryaviniścaye

16. vānarottama somasūryātmajaiḥ vānaraiḥ sārdham
deśakālanayaiḥ kāryākāryaviniścaye yuktaḥ

16. O best of monkeys, accompanied by other monkeys, who are sons of Soma (Moon) and Surya (Sun), you are endowed with principles of place, time, and policy for determining what is proper and improper action.

Words meanings summery:

• सोमसूर्यात्मजैः (somasūryātmajaiḥ) - with the sons of Soma and Surya

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with, along with

• वानरैः (vānaraiḥ) - by/with monkeys

• वानरोत्तम (vānarottama) - O best of monkeys

• देशकालनयैः (deśakālanayaiḥ) - with the principles of place, time, and policy

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed with, connected with, fit

• कार्याकार्यविनिश्चये (kāryākāryaviniścaye) - in the determination of what is to be done and what is not to be done

Words meanings and morphology

सोमसूर्यात्मजैः (somasūryātmajaiḥ) - with the sons of Soma and Surya

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of somasūryātmaja

somasūryātmaja - son of Soma (Moon) and Surya (Sun)

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (soma+sūrya+ātmaja)

• soma – Moon; Soma plant/juice
  noun (masculine)
• sūrya – Sun, Sun god
  noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – son, born from oneself
  noun (masculine)
  From ātman + ja (born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with, along with

(indeclinable)

वानरैः (vānaraiḥ) - by/with monkeys

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

वानरोत्तम (vānarottama) - O best of monkeys

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vānarottama

vānarottama - best among monkeys

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vānara+uttama)

• vānara – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, supreme
  adjective (masculine)

देशकालनयैः (deśakālanayaiḥ) - with the principles of place, time, and policy

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of deśakālanaya

deśakālanaya - principles/strategies related to place, time, and policy

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (deśa+kāla+naya)

• deśa – place, region, country
  noun (masculine)
• kāla – time
  noun (masculine)
• naya – policy, conduct, strategy, prudence
  noun (masculine)
  From root nī- (to lead)
  Root: nī (class 1)

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed with, connected with, fit

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, connected, endowed with, fit, proper

Past Passive Participle

From root yuj- (to join, connect)

Root: yuj (class 7)

कार्याकार्यविनिश्चये (kāryākāryaviniścaye) - in the determination of what is to be done and what is not to be done

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāryākāryaviniścaya

kāryākāryaviniścaya - determination of what is proper and improper action

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kārya+akārya+viniścaya)

• kārya – to be done, duty, action
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root kṛ- (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• akārya – not to be done, improper action
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Negation of kārya
  Prefix: a
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• viniścaya – determination, ascertainment, certainty
  noun (masculine)
  From vi- + nis- + ci- (to determine)
  Prefixes: vi+nis
  Root: ci (class 5)

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