वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-39, verse-32

तत्रासुरा महाकायाश्छायां गृह्णन्ति नित्यशः ।
ब्रह्मणा समनुज्ञाता दीर्घकालं बुभुक्षिताः ॥३२॥

32. tatrāsurā mahākāyāśchāyāṃ gṛhṇanti nityaśaḥ ,
brahmaṇā samanujñātā dīrghakālaṃ bubhukṣitāḥ.

32. tatra asurāḥ mahākāyāḥ chāyām gṛhṇanti nityaśaḥ
brahmaṇā samanujñātāḥ dīrghakālam bubhukṣitāḥ

32. tatra mahākāyāḥ asurāḥ nityaśaḥ chāyām gṛhṇanti
brahmaṇā samanujñātāḥ dīrghakālam bubhukṣitāḥ

32. There, colossal-bodied demons (asurāḥ) constantly seize shadows. They have been permitted by Brahmā and are hungry for a long time.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• असुराः (asurāḥ) - demons, anti-gods

• महाकायाः (mahākāyāḥ) - having colossal bodies, gigantic

• छायाम् (chāyām) - shadow, shade

• गृह्णन्ति (gṛhṇanti) - they seize, they take

• नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - always, constantly

• ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahmā (the creator god)

• समनुज्ञाताः (samanujñātāḥ) - permitted, granted permission

• दीर्घकालम् (dīrghakālam) - for a long time

• बुभुक्षिताः (bubhukṣitāḥ) - hungry, desirous of eating

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

असुराः (asurāḥ) - demons, anti-gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of asura

asura - demon, anti-god

महाकायाः (mahākāyāḥ) - having colossal bodies, gigantic

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahākāya

mahākāya - having a large body, gigantic

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+kāya)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• kāya – body
  noun (masculine)

छायाम् (chāyām) - shadow, shade

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of chāyā

chāyā - shadow, shade, reflection

गृह्णन्ति (gṛhṇanti) - they seize, they take

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of grah

Root: grah (class 9)

नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahmā (the creator god)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmā (the creator deity); universal spirit (brahman)

समनुज्ञाताः (samanujñātāḥ) - permitted, granted permission

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samanujñāta

samanujñāta - permitted, allowed, sanctioned

Past Passive Participle

From √jñā with prefix sam-anu-.

Prefixes: sam+anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

दीर्घकालम् (dīrghakālam) - for a long time

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dīrghakāla

dīrghakāla - long time (as an adverbial accusative)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dīrgha+kāla)

• dīrgha – long
  adjective
• kāla – time
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to denote duration of time.

बुभुक्षिताः (bubhukṣitāḥ) - hungry, desirous of eating

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bubhukṣita

bubhukṣita - hungry, desirous of eating

Past Passive Participle

From desiderative stem of √bhuj (bubhukṣa-)

Root: bhuj (class 7)