वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-39, verse-18

तत्र सीतां च वैदेहीं निलयं रावणस्य च ।
मार्गध्वं गिरिदुर्गेषु वनेषु च नदीषु च ॥१८॥

18. tatra sītāṃ ca vaidehīṃ nilayaṃ rāvaṇasya ca ,
mārgadhvaṃ giridurgeṣu vaneṣu ca nadīṣu ca.

18. tatra sītām ca vaidehīm nilayam rāvaṇasya ca
mārgadhvam giridurgeṣu vaneṣu ca nadīṣu ca

18. tatra sītām vaidehīm ca rāvaṇasya nilayam ca
giridurgeṣu vaneṣu ca nadīṣu ca mārgadhvam

18. There, search for Sita, the princess of Videha, and also for Ravana's dwelling, in the mountain strongholds, forests, and rivers.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• सीताम् (sītām) - Sita

• च (ca) - and

• वैदेहीम् (vaidehīm) - Vaidehi, princess of Videha (Sita)

• निलयम् (nilayam) - dwelling, abode, residence

• रावणस्य (rāvaṇasya) - of Ravana

• च (ca) - and

• मार्गध्वम् (mārgadhvam) - search (you all)

• गिरिदुर्गेषु (giridurgeṣu) - in mountain strongholds, in inaccessible mountain regions

• वनेषु (vaneṣu) - in forests, in woods

• च (ca) - and

• नदीषु (nadīṣu) - in rivers

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

सीताम् (sītām) - Sita

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (name of Rama's wife); furrow

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वैदेहीम् (vaidehīm) - Vaidehi, princess of Videha (Sita)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vaidehī

vaidehī - Vaidehi (a patronymic of Sita, daughter of Videha)

Feminine derivative from Videha (name of a kingdom)

निलयम् (nilayam) - dwelling, abode, residence

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nilaya

nilaya - dwelling, abode, residence, nest

From ni- + lī- (to cling, abide)

Prefix: ni

Root: lī (class 4)

रावणस्य (rāvaṇasya) - of Ravana

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (name of the demon king of Lanka)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मार्गध्वम् (mārgadhvam) - search (you all)

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of mārg

Imperative

Root mārg- (denominal from mārga), 2nd person plural, ātmanepada

Root: mārg (class 10)

गिरिदुर्गेषु (giridurgeṣu) - in mountain strongholds, in inaccessible mountain regions

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of giridurga

giridurga - mountain fortress, inaccessible mountain region

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (giri+durga)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• durga – fortress, stronghold, difficult to access
  noun (neuter)
  From dur- + gam- (to go), difficulty to traverse
  Prefix: dur
  Root: gam (class 1)

वनेषु (vaneṣu) - in forests, in woods

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

नदीषु (nadīṣu) - in rivers

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of nadī

nadī - river

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

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