वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-39, verse-53

उत्तरेण परिक्रम्य जम्बूद्वीपं दिवाकरः ।
दृश्यो भवति भूयिष्ठं शिखरं तन्महोच्छ्रयम् ॥५३॥

53. uttareṇa parikramya jambūdvīpaṃ divākaraḥ ,
dṛśyo bhavati bhūyiṣṭhaṃ śikharaṃ tanmahocchrayam.

53. uttareṇa parikramya jambūdvīpam divākaraḥ dṛśyaḥ
bhavati bhūyiṣṭham śikharam tat mahocchrayam

53. divākaraḥ uttareṇa jambūdvīpam parikramya,
tat mahocchrayam śikharam bhūyiṣṭham dṛśyaḥ bhavati

53. Having moved around Jambudvīpa to the north, the sun (divākara) is largely visible from that exceedingly high peak.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्तरेण (uttareṇa) - to the north (by the north, to the north, through the north)

• परिक्रम्य (parikramya) - having moved around (having circumambulated, having walked around)

• जम्बूद्वीपम् (jambūdvīpam) - Jambudvīpa (the mythical continent) (Jambudvīpa (name of a continent))

• दिवाकरः (divākaraḥ) - the sun (divākara) (the sun, day-maker)

• दृश्यः (dṛśyaḥ) - visible (visible, to be seen)

• भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes (becomes, is, exists)

• भूयिष्ठम् (bhūyiṣṭham) - largely, mostly (mostly, for the most part, greatly)

• शिखरम् (śikharam) - from the peak (peak, summit)

• तत् (tat) - that (peak) (that, it)

• महोच्छ्रयम् (mahocchrayam) - exceedingly high (of great height, very high)

Words meanings and morphology

उत्तरेण (uttareṇa) - to the north (by the north, to the north, through the north)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates direction or means.

परिक्रम्य (parikramya) - having moved around (having circumambulated, having walked around)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root kram (to step, go) with upasarga pari (around) + lyap suffix.

Prefix: pari

Root: kram (class 1)

जम्बूद्वीपम् (jambūdvīpam) - Jambudvīpa (the mythical continent) (Jambudvīpa (name of a continent))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jambūdvīpa

jambūdvīpa - Jambudvīpa (one of the seven continents of the world according to Hindu cosmology)

Compound of jambū (rose-apple tree) + dvīpa (island, continent).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jambū+dvīpa)

• jambū – rose-apple tree, its fruit
  noun (feminine)
• dvīpa – island, continent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of the gerund parikramya.

दिवाकरः (divākaraḥ) - the sun (divākara) (the sun, day-maker)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of divākara

divākara - sun, day-maker

Compound of divā (by day) + kara (maker).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (divā+kara)

• divā – by day, during the day
  indeclinable
• kara – maker, doer, ray, hand
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root kṛ (to do, make) + a suffix.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of bhavati.

दृश्यः (dṛśyaḥ) - visible (visible, to be seen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛśya

dṛśya - visible, to be seen, an object of sight

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From root dṛś (to see) + ya suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: In agreement with divākaraḥ.

भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes (becomes, is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present Tense

Root bhū, Present Active, 3rd person singular.

Root: bhū (class 1)

भूयिष्ठम् (bhūyiṣṭham) - largely, mostly (mostly, for the most part, greatly)

(indeclinable)

Superlative of bahu (much, many) + iṣṭha suffix.

Note: Modifies dṛśyaḥ bhavati.

शिखरम् (śikharam) - from the peak (peak, summit)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śikhara

śikhara - peak, summit, top, crest

Note: Denotes the location from which the sun is visible.

तत् (tat) - that (peak) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Co-referent with śikharam.

महोच्छ्रयम् (mahocchrayam) - exceedingly high (of great height, very high)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahocchraya

mahocchraya - very high, of great height, lofty

Compound: mahā (great) + ucchraya (height, elevation).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ucchraya)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ucchraya – height, elevation, rising up
  noun (masculine)
  From root śri (to lean on, resort to) with upasarga ud (up) + a suffix.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: śri (class 1)

Note: In agreement with śikharam.

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