वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-24, verse-35

इमास्तास्तव राजेन्द्रवानर्यो वल्लभाः सदा ।
पादैर्विकृष्टमध्वानमागताः किं न बुध्यसे ॥३५॥

35. imāstāstava rājendravānaryo vallabhāḥ sadā ,
pādairvikṛṣṭamadhvānamāgatāḥ kiṃ na budhyase.

35. imāḥ tāḥ tava rājendra vānaryaḥ vallabhāḥ sadā
pādaiḥ vikr̥ṣṭam adhvānam āgatāḥ kim na budhyase

35. rājendra,
sadā tava imāḥ tāḥ vallabhāḥ vānaryaḥ (āgatāḥ).
(tāḥ) pādaiḥ vikr̥ṣṭam adhvānam āgatāḥ.
kim na budhyase?

35. O best of kings, these are your beloved monkey-women who have come a long way, having traversed a difficult path with their feet. Why do you not recognize them?

Words meanings summery:

• इमाः (imāḥ) - these

• ताः (tāḥ) - they, those

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O best of kings, O chief of kings

• वानर्यः (vānaryaḥ) - she-monkeys, female Vanaras

• वल्लभाः (vallabhāḥ) - beloved, dear ones

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

• पादैः (pādaiḥ) - by feet, with feet

• विक्र्̥ष्टम् (vikr̥ṣṭam) - traversed, dragged, pulled

• अध्वानम् (adhvānam) - path, road, journey

• आगताः (āgatāḥ) - having arrived, come

• किम् (kim) - why, what, whether

• न (na) - not

• बुध्यसे (budhyase) - you know, you perceive, you understand

Words meanings and morphology

इमाः (imāḥ) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Qualifies `vānaryaḥ`.

ताः (tāḥ) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, she

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Qualifies `vānaryaḥ`.

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

Second person pronoun.

Note: Possessive, referring to Vali.

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O best of kings, O chief of kings

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - chief of kings, best king

Compound.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  n-stem masculine noun.
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• indra – chief, lord, best (as a suffix)
  noun (masculine)
  a-stem masculine noun.

Note: An address for Vali.

वानर्यः (vānaryaḥ) - she-monkeys, female Vanaras

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vānari

vānari - female monkey

i-stem feminine noun, derived from `vānara`.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

वल्लभाः (vallabhāḥ) - beloved, dear ones

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vallabhā

vallabhā - beloved, dear, favourite

a-stem feminine noun.

Root: val (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `vānaryaḥ`.

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.

Note: Modifies `vallabhāḥ` (always beloved).

पादैः (pādaiḥ) - by feet, with feet

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāda

pāda - foot, quarter, ray

a-stem masculine noun.

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Specifies the means of traversing.

विक्र्̥ष्टम् (vikr̥ṣṭam) - traversed, dragged, pulled

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vikr̥ṣṭa

vikr̥ṣṭa - pulled, dragged, traversed

Past Passive Participle

From root `kr̥ṣ` (to drag, pull) with prefix `vi`.

Prefix: vi

Root: kr̥ṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `adhvānam`.

अध्वानम् (adhvānam) - path, road, journey

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adhvan

adhvan - path, road, journey

n-stem masculine noun.

Note: Object of implied verb of motion / path.

आगताः (āgatāḥ) - having arrived, come

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of āgata

āgata - arrived, come, returned

Past Passive Participle

From root `gam` (to go) with prefix `ā`.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective, describing `vānaryaḥ`.

किम् (kim) - why, what, whether

(indeclinable)

Interrogative particle.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates `budhyase`.

बुध्यसे (budhyase) - you know, you perceive, you understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of budh

present middle

Root `budh` (to know), class 4 (dyu).

Root: budh (class 4)

Note: Refers to Vali.

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