वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-24, verse-34

एष त्वां रामरूपेण कालः कर्षति वानर ।
येन स्म विधवाः सर्वाः कृता एकेषुणा रणे ॥३४॥

34. eṣa tvāṃ rāmarūpeṇa kālaḥ karṣati vānara ,
yena sma vidhavāḥ sarvāḥ kṛtā ekeṣuṇā raṇe.

34. eṣaḥ tvām rāmarūpeṇa kālaḥ karṣati vānara
yena sma vidhavāḥ sarvāḥ kr̥tāḥ ekeṣuṇā raṇe

34. vānara,
eṣaḥ kālaḥ rāmarūpeṇa tvām karṣati,
yena raṇe ekeṣuṇā sarvāḥ vidhavāḥ kr̥tāḥ sma.

34. O Vanara, it is Death, in the guise of Rama, who drags you away, the very one by whom all these women have been made widows with a single arrow in this battle.

Words meanings summery:

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you

• रामरूपेण (rāmarūpeṇa) - in the form of Rama, disguised as Rama

• कालः (kālaḥ) - time, death, fate

• कर्षति (karṣati) - drags, pulls, draws away

• वानर (vānara) - O monkey, O Vanara (Vali)

• येन (yena) - by whom, by which

• स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense)

• विधवाः (vidhavāḥ) - widows

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

• क्र्̥ताः (kr̥tāḥ) - made, done, caused

• एकेषुणा (ekeṣuṇā) - with a single arrow

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

Words meanings and morphology

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to `kālaḥ`.

त्वाम् (tvām) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

Second person pronoun.

Note: Refers to Vali.

रामरूपेण (rāmarūpeṇa) - in the form of Rama, disguised as Rama

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine/neuter, singular of rāmarūpa

rāmarūpa - form of Rama

Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (rāma+rūpa)

• rāma – Rama (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Describes the means by which death (kāla) acts.

कालः (kālaḥ) - time, death, fate

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, death, fate

a-stem masculine noun.

Root: kal (class 1)

Note: Subject of `karṣati`.

कर्षति (karṣati) - drags, pulls, draws away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kr̥ṣ

present active

Root `kr̥ṣ` (to drag), class 1.

Root: kr̥ṣ (class 1)

वानर (vānara) - O monkey, O Vanara (Vali)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vānara

vānara - monkey, belonging to monkeys

a-stem masculine noun.

Note: An address for Vali.

येन (yena) - by whom, by which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Kāla (Death) in the form of Rama.

स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense)

(indeclinable)

Enclitic particle.

विधवाः (vidhavāḥ) - widows

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vidhavā

vidhavā - widow

From `vi` (without) + `dhava` (husband).

Note: Subject of the action `kr̥tāḥ`.

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Pronominal adjective.

Note: Qualifies `vidhavāḥ`.

क्र्̥ताः (kr̥tāḥ) - made, done, caused

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kr̥ta

kr̥ta - made, done, performed

Past Passive Participle

From root `kr̥` (to do, make).

Root: kr̥ (class 8)

Note: Functions as the predicate.

एकेषुणा (ekeṣuṇā) - with a single arrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ekeṣu

ekeṣu - single arrow

Karmadhāraya compound.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+iṣu)

• eka – one, single
  numeral/adjective
• iṣu – arrow
  noun (masculine)
  u-stem masculine noun.
  Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Specifies the means of the action.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

a-stem masculine/neuter noun.

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Specifies the location of the action.