वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-24, verse-1

गतासुं वालिनं दृष्ट्वा राघवस्तदनन्तरम् ।
अब्रवीत् प्रश्रितं वाक्यं सुग्रीवं शत्रुतापनः ॥१॥

1. gatāsuṃ vālinaṃ dṛṣṭvā rāghavastadanantaram ,
abravīt praśritaṃ vākyaṃ sugrīvaṃ śatrutāpanaḥ.

1. gatāsum vālinam dṛṣṭvā rāghavaḥ tat anantaram
abravīt praśritam vākyam sugrīvam śatrutāpanaḥ

1. śatrutāpanaḥ rāghavaḥ gatāsum vālinam dṛṣṭvā
tat anantaram praśritam vākyam sugrīvam abravīt

1. Seeing Vali, whose life had departed, the scorcher of enemies, Rama (Rāghava), then spoke gentle words to Sugriva.

Words meanings summery:

• गतासुम् (gatāsum) - whose life has departed (dead) (departed life, dead)

• वालिनम् (vālinam) - Vali

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama (descendant of Raghu)

• तत् (tat) - that, then

• अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - after, immediately after, then

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• प्रश्रितम् (praśritam) - humble, gentle, modest

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, statement

• सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugriva

• शत्रुतापनः (śatrutāpanaḥ) - scorcher of enemies

Words meanings and morphology

गतासुम् (gatāsum) - whose life has departed (dead) (departed life, dead)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gatāsu

gatāsu - one whose life has departed, dead, lifeless

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+asu)

• gata – gone, departed, past
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• asu – breath, life, vital air
  noun (masculine)

वालिनम् (vālinam) - Vali

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vālin

vālin - Vali (a powerful monkey king)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama (descendant of Raghu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rama

Patronymic derivation from Raghu

तत् (tat) - that, then

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an adverb here, meaning 'then'

अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - after, immediately after, then

(indeclinable)

Negative compound of an (not) + antara (interval)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (an+antara)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• antara – interval, space, difference
  noun (neuter)

Note: Forms part of the compound 'tadanantaram' (tat anantaram), functioning adverbially

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

प्रश्रितम् (praśritam) - humble, gentle, modest

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of praśrita

praśrita - humble, gentle, modest, polite

Past Passive Participle

From root śri (to lean upon, resort to) with prefix pra (forth, forward); here meaning humble, polite.

Prefix: pra

Root: śri (class 1)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, statement, sentence

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugriva

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (a monkey king, Vali's brother)

Literally 'one with a beautiful neck' (su + grīvā)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+grīvā)

• su – good, well, beautiful
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'good' or 'well'
• grīvā – neck
  noun (feminine)

शत्रुतापनः (śatrutāpanaḥ) - scorcher of enemies

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatrutāpana

śatrutāpana - tormenting enemies, scorcher of enemies

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+tāpana)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• tāpana – scorching, tormenting, causing pain
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun / adjective from verbal root
  From root tap (to heat, torment) with suffix -ana
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Used as an epithet for Rama