वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-66, verse-4

तं मूर्ध्नि समुपाघ्राय परिष्वज्य यशस्विनम् ।
अङ्के भरतमारोप्य प्रष्टुं समुपचक्रमे ॥४॥

4. taṃ mūrdhni samupāghrāya pariṣvajya yaśasvinam ,
aṅke bharatamāropya praṣṭuṃ samupacakrame.

4. tam mūrdhni samupāghrāya pariṣvajya yaśasvinam
aṅke bharatam āropya praṣṭum samupacakrame

4. sā tam mūrdhni samupāghrāya yaśasvinam bharatam
pariṣvajya aṅke āropya praṣṭum samupacakrame

4. Having kissed him on the head, embraced the glorious Bharata, and placed him on her lap, she began to question him.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Bharata) (him, that)

• मूर्ध्नि (mūrdhni) - on the head

• समुपाघ्राय (samupāghrāya) - having kissed (on the head) (having smelled, having kissed)

• परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - having embraced

• यशस्विनम् (yaśasvinam) - the glorious one (Bharata) (glorious, famous)

• अङ्के (aṅke) - on the lap, in the embrace

• भरतम् (bharatam) - Bharata

• आरोप्य (āropya) - having placed, having seated

• प्रष्टुम् (praṣṭum) - to ask, to question

• समुपचक्रमे (samupacakrame) - she began, undertook

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Bharata) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of samupāghrāya and pariṣvajya.

मूर्ध्नि (mūrdhni) - on the head

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head, top

Note: Refers to the location of the action samupāghrāya.

समुपाघ्राय (samupāghrāya) - having kissed (on the head) (having smelled, having kissed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root ghrā with prefixes sam and upa, forming an absolutive suffix -ya.

Prefixes: sam+upa

Root: ghrā (class 1)

Note: Absolute participle indicating a completed action before the main verb.

परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - having embraced

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root svaj with prefix pari, forming an absolutive suffix -ya.

Prefix: pari

Root: svaj (class 1)

Note: Absolute participle indicating a completed action before the main verb.

यशस्विनम् (yaśasvinam) - the glorious one (Bharata) (glorious, famous)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - glorious, famous, renowned

Derived from yaśas (fame) with the possessive suffix -vin.

Note: Qualifies bharatam.

अङ्के (aṅke) - on the lap, in the embrace

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of aṅka

aṅka - lap, side, embrace, mark

Note: Refers to the location where Bharata was placed.

भरतम् (bharatam) - Bharata

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name of a king, brother of Rama)

Note: Object of āropya.

आरोप्य (āropya) - having placed, having seated

(indeclinable)

absolutive (causative)

Derived from root ruh (to ascend) with prefix ā, in causative sense (to cause to ascend), forming an absolutive suffix -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Absolute participle.

प्रष्टुम् (praṣṭum) - to ask, to question

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form of root prach.

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Expresses purpose.

समुपचक्रमे (samupacakrame) - she began, undertook

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of sam-upa-kram

Perfect Middle

Third person singular, perfect middle (ātmanepada).

Prefixes: sam+upa

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.