वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-66, verse-39

अथास्य चपला माता तत् स्वकर्म यथातथम् ।
तेनैव स्त्रीस्वभावेन व्याहर्तुमुपचक्रमे ॥३९॥

39. athāsya capalā mātā tat svakarma yathātatham ,
tenaiva strīsvabhāvena vyāhartumupacakrame.

39. atha asya capalā mātā tat svakarma yathātatham
tena eva strīsvabhāvena vyāhartum upacakrame

39. atha asya capalā mātā tena eva strīsvabhāvena
tat svakarma yathātatham vyāhartum upacakrame

39. Then, his fickle mother, true to her feminine nature, began to declare her own actions exactly as they had transpired.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, at that moment (then, thereupon, now, next)

• अस्य (asya) - his (referring to Bharata) (his, of this)

• चपला (capalā) - fickle, impulsive (fickle, restless, unsteady, trembling)

• माता (mātā) - mother (Kaikeyī) (mother)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to her action) (that, that thing, it)

• स्वकर्म (svakarma) - her own action (one's own action, one's own duty)

• यथातथम् (yathātatham) - exactly as it transpired (exactly as it happened, truly, properly, factually)

• तेन (tena) - by that (referring to 'strīsvabhāvena') (by that, by him, by it)

• एव (eva) - very (intensifier) (only, just, indeed, very)

• स्त्रीस्वभावेन (strīsvabhāvena) - by her feminine nature (by feminine nature, by the nature of a woman)

• व्याहर्तुम् (vyāhartum) - to declare, to explain (to speak, to declare, to say)

• उपचक्रमे (upacakrame) - began (began, undertook, commenced)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, at that moment (then, thereupon, now, next)

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - his (referring to Bharata) (his, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Bharata, the son.

चपला (capalā) - fickle, impulsive (fickle, restless, unsteady, trembling)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of capala

capala - fickle, unsteady, restless, trembling, swift

Note: Describes the mother, Kaikeyī.

माता (mātā) - mother (Kaikeyī) (mother)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

तत् (tat) - that (referring to her action) (that, that thing, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

स्वकर्म (svakarma) - her own action (one's own action, one's own duty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svakarma

svakarma - one's own action, one's own duty

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+karma)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun (masculine)
• karma – action, deed, work, ritual action
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

यथातथम् (yathātatham) - exactly as it transpired (exactly as it happened, truly, properly, factually)

(indeclinable)

तेन (tena) - by that (referring to 'strīsvabhāvena') (by that, by him, by it)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

एव (eva) - very (intensifier) (only, just, indeed, very)

(indeclinable)

स्त्रीस्वभावेन (strīsvabhāvena) - by her feminine nature (by feminine nature, by the nature of a woman)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of strīsvabhāva

strīsvabhāva - feminine nature, woman's character

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (strī+svabhāva)

• strī – woman, female
  noun (feminine)
• svabhāva – one's own nature, inherent disposition, character
  noun (masculine)

व्याहर्तुम् (vyāhartum) - to declare, to explain (to speak, to declare, to say)

(verb)

active, infinitive of vyāhṛ

infinitive

Infinitive form of the verb vi-ā-hṛ.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

उपचक्रमे (upacakrame) - began (began, undertook, commenced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of upakram

perfect (liṭ)

3rd person singular, middle voice, perfect tense.

Prefix: upa

Root: kram (class 1)