वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-66, verse-18

तमार्तं देवसंकाशं समीक्ष्य पतितं भुवि ।
उत्थापयित्वा शोकार्तं वचनं चेदमब्रवीत् ॥१८॥

18. tamārtaṃ devasaṃkāśaṃ samīkṣya patitaṃ bhuvi ,
utthāpayitvā śokārtaṃ vacanaṃ cedamabravīt.

18. tam ārtam devasaṃkāśam samīkṣya patitam bhuvi
utthāpayitvā śokārtam vacanam ca idam abravīt

18. tam ārtam devasaṃkāśam bhuvi patitam samīkṣya
śokārtam utthāpayitvā ca idam vacanam abravīt

18. Seeing him fallen on the ground, distressed and resembling a deity, and having raised that grief-stricken one, he spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Bharata) (him, that)

• आर्तम् (ārtam) - distressed, afflicted, suffering

• देवसंकाशम् (devasaṁkāśam) - resembling a god, god-like

• समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having perceived

• पतितम् (patitam) - fallen (on the ground) (fallen)

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on the ground, on the earth

• उत्थापयित्वा (utthāpayitvā) - having caused to rise, having lifted up

• शोकार्तम् (śokārtam) - grief-stricken, distressed by sorrow

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

• च (ca) - and, also

• इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, these)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Bharata) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

आर्तम् (ārtam) - distressed, afflicted, suffering

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ārta

ārta - distressed, afflicted, pained, suffering

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root ṛ (to go) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛ (class 1)

देवसंकाशम् (devasaṁkāśam) - resembling a god, god-like

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of devasaṃkāśa

devasaṁkāśa - resembling a god, like a deity

Compound type : upami-tatpuruṣa (deva+saṃkāśa)

• deva – god, deity, divine being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• saṃkāśa – resemblance, likeness, appearance
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root kāś (to shine) with prefix sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kāś (class 1)

समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root īkṣ (to see) with prefixes sam- and ā- (merged to ī)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

पतितम् (patitam) - fallen (on the ground) (fallen)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, dropped, degraded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pat (to fall) with suffix -ta

Root: pat (class 1)

भुवि (bhuvi) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, land

Root: bhū (class 1)

उत्थापयित्वा (utthāpayitvā) - having caused to rise, having lifted up

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from causative of root sthā (to stand) with prefixes ut- and ā-

Prefixes: ut+ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

शोकार्तम् (śokārtam) - grief-stricken, distressed by sorrow

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śokārta

śokārta - grief-stricken, distressed by sorrow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+ārta)

• śoka – grief, sorrow, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• ārta – afflicted, pained, distressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root ṛ (to go) with prefix ā-
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 1)

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, statement, saying

Root: vac (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice (root brū/vac)

Root: brū (class 2)