वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-66, verse-30

इमां तु पश्चिमां वाचं व्याजहार पिता तव ।
काल धर्मपरिक्षिप्तः पाशैरिव महागजः ॥३०॥

30. imāṃ tu paścimāṃ vācaṃ vyājahāra pitā tava ,
kāla dharmaparikṣiptaḥ pāśairiva mahāgajaḥ.

30. imām tu paścimām vācam vyājahāra pitā tava
kāladharmaparikṣiptaḥ pāśaiḥ iva mahāgajaḥ

30. tava pitā imām paścimām vācam vyājahāra
kāladharmaparikṣiptaḥ mahāgajaḥ pāśaiḥ iva

30. But your father uttered this last word, he being enveloped by the natural laws (dharma) of time, just like a great elephant by ropes.

Words meanings summery:

• इमाम् (imām) - this (this (feminine, accusative))

• तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• पश्चिमाम् (paścimām) - last (last, western, hindmost)

• वाचम् (vācam) - word (message) (word, speech, voice)

• व्याजहार (vyājahāra) - uttered (he uttered, he spoke)

• पिता (pitā) - father

• तव (tava) - your (your, of you)

• कालधर्मपरिक्षिप्तः (kāladharmaparikṣiptaḥ) - enveloped by the natural laws (dharma) of time (enveloped by the laws of time, caught by the intrinsic nature of time)

• पाशैः (pāśaiḥ) - by ropes (by ropes, by nooses)

• इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

• महागजः (mahāgajaḥ) - a great elephant (great elephant)

Words meanings and morphology

इमाम् (imām) - this (this (feminine, accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Particle

पश्चिमाम् (paścimām) - last (last, western, hindmost)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of paścima

paścima - last, western, hindmost

Feminine accusative singular, agrees with vācam.

वाचम् (vācam) - word (message) (word, speech, voice)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - word, speech, voice

Feminine c-stem, accusative singular

Root: vac (class 2)

व्याजहार (vyājahāra) - uttered (he uttered, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vyāhṛ

Perfect active 3rd singular (reduplicated perfect of vy-ā-hṛ)

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Compound verb with two prefixes.

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, protector

Note: Subject of 'vyājahāra'.

तव (tava) - your (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive pronoun.

कालधर्मपरिक्षिप्तः (kāladharmaparikṣiptaḥ) - enveloped by the natural laws (dharma) of time (enveloped by the laws of time, caught by the intrinsic nature of time)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāladharmaparikṣipta

kāladharmaparikṣipta - enveloped by the laws of time, caught by the intrinsic nature of time

Past Passive Participle (as part of compound)

Compound meaning "covered/thrown around by the dharma of time", nominative singular masculine

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāla+dharma+parikṣipta)

• kāla – time
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kal (class 10)
• dharma – law, duty, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• parikṣipta – thrown around, enveloped, covered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From pari-kṣip (to throw around, encompass)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Compound adjective describing the father.

पाशैः (pāśaiḥ) - by ropes (by ropes, by nooses)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāśa

pāśa - rope, noose, fetter

Masculine a-stem, instrumental plural

Root: paś (class 1)

इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing comparison

Note: Introduces a simile.

महागजः (mahāgajaḥ) - a great elephant (great elephant)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāgaja

mahāgaja - great elephant

Compound mahā (great) + gaja (elephant), nominative singular masculine

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+gaja)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gaj (class 1)

Note: Subject of the simile.