महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-59, verse-3

संजय उवाच ।
शिरस्यभिहतं दृष्ट्वा भीमसेनेन ते सुतम् ।
रामः प्रहरतां श्रेष्ठश्चुक्रोध बलवद्बली ॥३॥

3. saṁjaya uvāca ,
śirasyabhihataṁ dṛṣṭvā bhīmasenena te sutam ,
rāmaḥ praharatāṁ śreṣṭhaścukrodha balavadbalī.

3. saṃjaya uvāca śirasi abhihatam dṛṣṭvā bhīmasenena te
sutam rāmaḥ praharatām śreṣṭhaḥ cukrodha balavat balī

3. saṃjaya uvāca bhīmasenena śirasi abhihatam te sutam
dṛṣṭvā balavat balī praharatām śreṣṭhaḥ rāmaḥ cukrodha

3. Sañjaya said: Seeing your son struck on the head by Bhīmasena, Rāma (Balarāma), who was mighty and strong and the foremost among warriors, became intensely angry.

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• शिरसि (śirasi) - on the head, in the head

• अभिहतम् (abhihatam) - struck on the head (Duryodhana) (struck, hit, wounded)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

• भीमसेनेन (bhīmasenena) - by Bhīmasena

• ते (te) - your (son) (your, to you)

• सुतम् (sutam) - your son (Duryodhana) (son)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Balarāma (Rāma)

• प्रहरताम् (praharatām) - of strikers, of warriors

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, foremost, most excellent

• चुक्रोध (cukrodha) - he became angry

• बलवत् (balavat) - strong, mighty, powerful

• बली (balī) - strong, powerful, mighty

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sañjaya (proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense

Third person singular active perfect of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

शिरसि (śirasi) - on the head, in the head

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top

अभिहतम् (abhihatam) - struck on the head (Duryodhana) (struck, hit, wounded)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhihata

abhihata - struck, hit, smitten

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with upasarga abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'sutam'

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

भीमसेनेन (bhīmasenena) - by Bhīmasena

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (proper name)

ते (te) - your (son) (your, to you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Second person pronoun

Note: Can also be dative

सुतम् (sutam) - your son (Duryodhana) (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, child

Past Passive Participle

From root sū (to bear, produce)

Root: sū (class 2)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Balarāma (Rāma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper name), pleasing, delightful

प्रहरताम् (praharatām) - of strikers, of warriors

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of praharat

praharat - striker, assailant, warrior

Present Active Participle

Derived from root hṛ (to seize, carry) with upasarga pra

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛ (class 1)

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, foremost, most excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief

Superlative of praśasya (excellent)

चुक्रोध (cukrodha) - he became angry

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of krudh

Perfect Tense

Third person singular active perfect of root krudh

Root: krudh (class 4)

बलवत् (balavat) - strong, mighty, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - strong, mighty, powerful

Adjective ending in -vat, indicating possession of bala (strength)

बली (balī) - strong, powerful, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balin

balin - strong, powerful, robust

Adjective ending in -in, indicating possession of bala (strength)