महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-59, verse-25

युद्धदीक्षां प्रविश्याजौ रणयज्ञं वितत्य च ।
हुत्वात्मानममित्राग्नौ प्राप चावभृथं यशः ॥२५॥

25. yuddhadīkṣāṁ praviśyājau raṇayajñaṁ vitatya ca ,
hutvātmānamamitrāgnau prāpa cāvabhṛthaṁ yaśaḥ.

25. yuddhādīkṣām praviśya ājau raṇayajñam vitatya ca
hutvā ātmānam amitrāgnau prāpa ca avabhṛtham yaśaḥ

25. ājau yuddhādīkṣām praviśya raṇayajñam vitatya ca
amitrāgnau ātmānam hutvā ca yaśaḥ avabhṛtham prāpa

25. Having undertaken the solemn vow of battle (yuddhādīkṣā) in the conflict, and having performed the battle-sacrifice (raṇayajña) by offering his very self (ātman) into the fire of his enemies, he attained the concluding ritual bath (avabhṛtha) of fame.

Words meanings summery:

• युद्धादीक्षाम् (yuddhādīkṣām) - The solemn commitment to fight till the end, a ritual vow taken before a major battle. (battle-initiation, vow of battle)

• प्रविश्य (praviśya) - Duryodhana having undertaken the vow. (having entered, having resorted to)

• आजौ (ājau) - Refers to the battlefield. (in battle, in conflict)

• रणयज्ञम् (raṇayajñam) - Metaphorically refers to the act of fighting in battle as a sacred offering or ritual, with one's life as the offering. (battle-sacrifice)

• वितत्य (vitatya) - Duryodhana having conducted or completed the "battle-sacrifice". (having spread, having performed, having accomplished)

• च (ca) - Connects the two actions: undertaking the vow and performing the sacrifice. (and)

• हुत्वा (hutvā) - Having offered his own life (self) as part of the sacrifice. (having offered, having sacrificed)

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - His own life, which he sacrificed in battle. (self, soul, spirit)

• अमित्राग्नौ (amitrāgnau) - Metaphorically refers to the intense combat and destructive power of the enemy forces. (in the fire of enemies)

• प्राप (prāpa) - attained, reached, obtained

• च (ca) - Connects the preceding actions with the attainment of avabhṛtha and fame. (and)

• अवभृथम् (avabhṛtham) - The final purification or conclusion of the battle-sacrifice, resulting in fame. (concluding bath of a sacrifice, final rite)

• यशः (yaśaḥ) - The fame achieved by Duryodhana for his heroic death in battle, completing his 'sacrifice'. (fame, glory, renown, splendor)

Words meanings and morphology

युद्धादीक्षाम् (yuddhādīkṣām) - The solemn commitment to fight till the end, a ritual vow taken before a major battle. (battle-initiation, vow of battle)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yuddhādīkṣā

yuddhādīkṣā - initiation for battle, consecration for war, vow of combat

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yuddha+dīkṣā)

• yuddha – battle, fight, war
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (used as noun)
  Derived from root yudh (to fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• dīkṣā – initiation, consecration, solemn vow
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root dīkṣ (to consecrate)
  Root: dīkṣ (class 1)

प्रविश्य (praviśya) - Duryodhana having undertaken the vow. (having entered, having resorted to)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund (prefix-tvā)

Derived from root viś (to enter) with upasarga pra

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

आजौ (ājau) - Refers to the battlefield. (in battle, in conflict)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āja

āja - battle, conflict, war, struggle

Root: aj (class 1)

रणयज्ञम् (raṇayajñam) - Metaphorically refers to the act of fighting in battle as a sacred offering or ritual, with one's life as the offering. (battle-sacrifice)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of raṇayajña

raṇayajña - battle-sacrifice, war-ritual

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+yajña)

• raṇa – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root raṇ (to delight, to shout)
  Root: raṇ (class 1)
• yajña – sacrifice, ritual, worship, offering
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root yaj (to sacrifice)
  Root: yaj (class 1)

वितत्य (vitatya) - Duryodhana having conducted or completed the "battle-sacrifice". (having spread, having performed, having accomplished)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund (prefix-tvā)

Derived from root tan (to stretch) with upasarga vi

Prefix: vi

Root: tan (class 8)

च (ca) - Connects the two actions: undertaking the vow and performing the sacrifice. (and)

(indeclinable)

हुत्वा (hutvā) - Having offered his own life (self) as part of the sacrifice. (having offered, having sacrificed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from root hu (to offer) with suffix -tvā

Root: hu (class 3)

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - His own life, which he sacrificed in battle. (self, soul, spirit)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

Root: an (class 2)

अमित्राग्नौ (amitrāgnau) - Metaphorically refers to the intense combat and destructive power of the enemy forces. (in the fire of enemies)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of amitrāgni

amitrāgni - fire of enemies

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (amitra+agni)

• amitra – enemy, not a friend
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from mitra with negative prefix a-
• agni – fire, sacrificial fire, god of fire
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ag (class 1)

प्राप (prāpa) - attained, reached, obtained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pra-āp

Perfect Tense

Derived from root āp (to obtain) with upasarga pra

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

च (ca) - Connects the preceding actions with the attainment of avabhṛtha and fame. (and)

(indeclinable)

अवभृथम् (avabhṛtham) - The final purification or conclusion of the battle-sacrifice, resulting in fame. (concluding bath of a sacrifice, final rite)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avabhṛtha

avabhṛtha - concluding bath or rite of a sacrifice, purification after sacrifice

Derived from root bhṛ (to bear) with upasarga ava

Prefix: ava

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

यशः (yaśaḥ) - The fame achieved by Duryodhana for his heroic death in battle, completing his 'sacrifice'. (fame, glory, renown, splendor)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yaśas

yaśas - fame, glory, renown, splendor, honor

Root: yaś (class 1)