महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-65, verse-2

यथा गजौ हैमवतौ प्रभिन्नौ प्रगृह्य दन्ताविव वाशितार्थे ।
तथा समाजग्मतुरुग्रवेगौ धनंजयश्चाधिरथिश्च वीरौ ॥२॥

2. yathā gajau haimavatau prabhinnau; pragṛhya dantāviva vāśitārthe ,
tathā samājagmaturugravegau; dhanaṁjayaścādhirathiśca vīrau.

2. yathā gajau haimavatau prabhinnau
pragṛhya dantau iva vāśita-arthe
tathā samājagmatuḥ ugravegau
dhanañjayaḥ ca adhirathiḥ ca vīrau

2. yathā haimavatau prabhinnau gajau vāśita-arthe dantau iva pragṛhya,
tathā ugravegau vīrau dhanañjayaḥ ca adhirathiḥ ca samājagmatuḥ

2. Just as two infuriated Himalayan elephants, in rut, clash by seizing each other with their tusks, vying for a female, so too did the two intensely swift heroes, Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) and Adhirathi (Karṇa), confront each other.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

• गजौ (gajau) - two elephants

• हैमवतौ (haimavatau) - Himalayan, belonging to the Himalayas

• प्रभिन्नौ (prabhinnau) - infuriated (referring to elephants in rut) (infuriated, in rut, rent, broken)

• प्रगृह्य (pragṛhya) - having seized, having grasped, having taken

• दन्तौ (dantau) - two tusks (of elephants) (two tusks, two teeth)

• इव (iva) - as, like, as it were

• वाशित-अर्थे (vāśita-arthe) - for the sake of a female (elephant) (for the sake of a female (animal), for the purpose of a cry/roar)

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, similarly

• समाजग्मतुः (samājagmatuḥ) - they (two) came together, met, clashed

• उग्रवेगौ (ugravegau) - of fierce speed, intensely swift, impetuous

• धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Dhanañjaya, Arjuna

• च (ca) - and

• अधिरथिः (adhirathiḥ) - Karṇa, referred to as the son of Adhiratha (Adhirathi, Karṇa (son of Adhiratha))

• च (ca) - and

• वीरौ (vīrau) - two heroes, two valiant ones

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)

गजौ (gajau) - two elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of gaja

gaja - elephant

हैमवतौ (haimavatau) - Himalayan, belonging to the Himalayas

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of haimavata

haimavata - Himalayan, relating to the Himālayas

Derived from 'Himālaya'

प्रभिन्नौ (prabhinnau) - infuriated (referring to elephants in rut) (infuriated, in rut, rent, broken)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of prabhinna

prabhinna - broken, rent, split, distinct, enraged (elephant in rut)

Past Passive Participle

From root 'bhid' (to break) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: bhid (class 7)

प्रगृह्य (pragṛhya) - having seized, having grasped, having taken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From root 'grah' (to seize) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: grah (class 9)

दन्तौ (dantau) - two tusks (of elephants) (two tusks, two teeth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of danta

danta - tooth, tusk, ivory

इव (iva) - as, like, as it were

(indeclinable)

वाशित-अर्थे (vāśita-arthe) - for the sake of a female (elephant) (for the sake of a female (animal), for the purpose of a cry/roar)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vāśitārtha

vāśitārtha - for the sake of a female, for the purpose of a cry/roar

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāśita+artha)

• vāśita – roared, bellowed; (as noun) a cry, a female (animal)
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'vāś' (to roar, cry out)
  Root: vāś (class 1)
• artha – purpose, aim, sake, meaning
  noun (masculine)

Note: Implied dative function 'for the sake of'

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, similarly

(indeclinable)

समाजग्मतुः (samājagmatuḥ) - they (two) came together, met, clashed

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (lit) of samājagmatuḥ

Perfect (Lit)

3rd person dual, active voice, Perfect tense

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

उग्रवेगौ (ugravegau) - of fierce speed, intensely swift, impetuous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ugravega

ugravega - of fierce speed, intensely swift, impetuous

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ugra+vega)

• ugra – fierce, terrible, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• vega – speed, velocity, impetus, force
  noun (masculine)

धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Dhanañjaya, Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - conqueror of wealth; an epithet of Arjuna; fire

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अधिरथिः (adhirathiḥ) - Karṇa, referred to as the son of Adhiratha (Adhirathi, Karṇa (son of Adhiratha))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhirathi

adhirathi - son of Adhiratha; Karṇa

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वीरौ (vīrau) - two heroes, two valiant ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, valiant