महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-65, verse-18

यया धृत्या निहतं तामसास्त्रं युगे युगे राक्षसाश्चापि घोराः ।
दम्भोद्भवाश्चासुराश्चाहवेषु तया धृत्या त्वं जहि सूतपुत्रम् ॥१८॥

18. yayā dhṛtyā nihataṁ tāmasāstraṁ; yuge yuge rākṣasāścāpi ghorāḥ ,
dambhodbhavāścāsurāścāhaveṣu; tayā dhṛtyā tvaṁ jahi sūtaputram.

18. yayā dhṛtyā nihatam tāmasa-astram
yuge yuge rākṣasāḥ ca api ghorāḥ
dambha-udbhavāḥ ca asurāḥ ca āhaveṣu
tayā dhṛtyā tvam jahi sūta-putram

18. yayā dhṛtyā yuge yuge tāmasa-astram
nihatam ghorāḥ rākṣasāḥ ca api
dambha-udbhavāḥ asurāḥ ca āhaveṣu (nihatāḥ)
tayā dhṛtyā tvam sūta-putram jahi

18. With that very same steadfastness (dhṛti) by which the Tāmasa weapon was destroyed repeatedly in every age, and by which fierce Rākṣasas and Asuras born of pride were vanquished in battles, with that steadfastness (dhṛti) you must now kill the son of Sūta.

Words meanings summery:

• यया (yayā) - by which, with which

• धृत्या (dhṛtyā) - by steadfastness, by firmness, by determination

• निहतम् (nihatam) - destroyed, killed, struck down

• तामस-अस्त्रम् (tāmasa-astram) - the specific mythical weapon associated with the quality of Tāmas (ignorance, darkness). (Tāmasa weapon, weapon of darkness)

• युगे (yuge) - in an age, in an era

• युगे (yuge) - in an age, in an era

• राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - Rākṣasas (demons)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• घोराः (ghorāḥ) - fierce, terrible, dreadful

• दम्भ-उद्भवाः (dambha-udbhavāḥ) - born from pride, arising from hypocrisy

• च (ca) - and, also

• असुराः (asurāḥ) - Asuras (demons, anti-gods)

• च (ca) - and, also

• आहवेषु (āhaveṣu) - in battles, in conflicts

• तया (tayā) - by that, with that

• धृत्या (dhṛtyā) - by steadfastness, by firmness, by determination

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• जहि (jahi) - kill, destroy

• सूत-पुत्रम् (sūta-putram) - Karṇa, referring to his adopted father Adhiratha, a charioteer (sūta). (son of a charioteer (Karṇa))

Words meanings and morphology

यया (yayā) - by which, with which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Note: From yad (relative pronoun), feminine singular instrumental.

धृत्या (dhṛtyā) - by steadfastness, by firmness, by determination

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of dhṛti

dhṛti - steadfastness, firmness, determination, resolve, courage

From root dhṛ (to hold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Represents mental steadfastness or fortitude.

निहतम् (nihatam) - destroyed, killed, struck down

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, struck down, destroyed, overcome

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with upasarga ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with tāmasa-astram.

तामस-अस्त्रम् (tāmasa-astram) - the specific mythical weapon associated with the quality of Tāmas (ignorance, darkness). (Tāmasa weapon, weapon of darkness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tāmasa-astra

tāmasa-astra - Tāmasa weapon, weapon of darkness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tāmasa+astra)

• tāmasa – relating to tamas, dark, ignorant, delusive
  adjective (masculine)
  From tamas (darkness, ignorance).
• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 4)

Note: A powerful weapon mentioned in Hindu mythology.

युगे (yuge) - in an age, in an era

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuga

yuga - age, era, epoch, yoke

Note: Used repetitively "yuge yuge" to mean "in every age, repeatedly".

युगे (yuge) - in an age, in an era

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuga

yuga - age, era, epoch, yoke

Note: Part of the repetition "yuge yuge".

राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - Rākṣasas (demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, evil being, a class of mythological beings

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

घोराः (ghorāḥ) - fierce, terrible, dreadful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ghora

ghora - fierce, terrible, dreadful, awful

Note: Agrees with rākṣasāḥ.

दम्भ-उद्भवाः (dambha-udbhavāḥ) - born from pride, arising from hypocrisy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dambhodbhava

dambhodbhava - born from pride/hypocrisy, arising from deceit

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dambha+udbhava)

• dambha – pride, hypocrisy, deceit, arrogance
  noun (masculine)
• udbhava – origin, birth, production, arising
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhū (to be) with upasarga ud.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with asurāḥ.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

असुराः (asurāḥ) - Asuras (demons, anti-gods)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of asura

asura - demon, anti-god, a class of mythological beings

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

आहवेषु (āhaveṣu) - in battles, in conflicts

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of āhava

āhava - battle, war, conflict

From root hu (to offer, sacrifice) with upasarga ā, or root hvā (to call) with upasarga ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: hu (class 3)

तया (tayā) - by that, with that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers back to dhṛtyā.

धृत्या (dhṛtyā) - by steadfastness, by firmness, by determination

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of dhṛti

dhṛti - steadfastness, firmness, determination, resolve, courage

From root dhṛ (to hold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Repeats the noun from the beginning of the verse.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Addressed to Arjuna.

जहि (jahi) - kill, destroy

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Imperative form.

सूत-पुत्रम् (sūta-putram) - Karṇa, referring to his adopted father Adhiratha, a charioteer (sūta). (son of a charioteer (Karṇa))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūta-putra

sūta-putra - son of a charioteer, son of a sūta

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūta+putra)

• sūta – charioteer, bard, one of mixed caste
  noun (masculine)
  From root sū (to generate, impel).
  Root: sū (class 2)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: A common epithet for Karṇa, often used pejoratively by his enemies.