महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-65, verse-14

अमृष्यमाणश्च महाविमर्दे तत्राक्रुध्यद्भीमसेनो महात्मा ।
अथाब्रवीत्पाणिना पाणिमाघ्नन्संदष्टौष्ठो नृत्यति वादयन्निव ।
कथं नु त्वां सूतपुत्रः किरीटिन्महेषुभिर्दशभिरविध्यदग्रे ॥१४॥

14. amṛṣyamāṇaśca mahāvimarde; tatrākrudhyadbhīmaseno mahātmā ,
athābravītpāṇinā pāṇimāghna;nsaṁdaṣṭauṣṭho nṛtyati vādayanniva ,
kathaṁ nu tvāṁ sūtaputraḥ kirīṭi;nmaheṣubhirdaśabhiravidhyadagre.

14. amṛṣyamāṇaḥ ca mahāvimarde tatra ākruudhyat bhīmasenaḥ
mahātmā | atha abravīt pāṇinā pāṇim āghnan
saṃdaṣṭauṣṭhaḥ nṛtyati vādayan iva | katham nu tvām
sūtaputraḥ kirīṭin mahāiṣubhiḥ daśabhiḥ avidhyat agre

14. mahāvimarde amṛṣyamāṇaḥ ca tatra mahātmā bhīmasenaḥ ākruudhyat atha pāṇinā pāṇim āghnan saṃdaṣṭauṣṭhaḥ vādayan iva nṛtyati (san) abravīt kirīṭin,
sūtaputraḥ daśabhiḥ mahāiṣubhiḥ tvām agre katham nu avidhyat?

14. Unable to tolerate the great conflict, the magnanimous Bhimasena became enraged there. Then, striking his hand with his hand, with bitten lips, and seeming to dance and play an instrument in his agitation, he said, "O crowned one, Arjuna, how then did the son of a charioteer (Karna) pierce you first with ten great arrows?"

Words meanings summery:

• अमृष्यमाणः (amṛṣyamāṇaḥ) - Bhimasena, unable to tolerate the situation (not tolerating, unable to bear, impatient)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• महाविमर्दे (mahāvimarde) - in the significant battle taking place (in a great conflict, in a big struggle, in a mighty battle)

• तत्र (tatra) - in that situation, at that point in the battle (there, then, in that place)

• आक्रुउध्यत् (ākruudhyat) - became angry, raged, was enraged

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena (name of a Pandava prince)

• महात्मा (mahātmā) - Bhimasena, known for his great spirit and noble character despite his fierce nature (great-souled, magnanimous, noble)

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

• पाणिना (pāṇinā) - striking with his own hand (with hand, by hand)

• पाणिम् (pāṇim) - the other hand (as in 'hand by hand' or 'hand on hand') (hand)

• आघ्नन् (āghnan) - Bhimasena striking his hand (with the other hand) in anger (striking, hitting)

• संदष्टौष्ठः (saṁdaṣṭauṣṭhaḥ) - Bhimasena, showing his extreme anger by biting his lips (with bitten lips, having bitten lips (due to anger or determination))

• नृत्यति (nṛtyati) - figuratively, he was agitated, fuming, expressing extreme emotion as if dancing (he dances, it dances)

• वादयन् (vādayan) - figuratively, as if accompanying his agitation with music or expressing it rhythmically (causing to play, playing (an instrument))

• इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why

• नु (nu) - introducing a rhetorical question: 'how then...' (indeed, then, now, surely (interrogative or emphatic particle))

• त्वाम् (tvām) - Arjuna (the addressed person) (you (accusative singular))

• सूतपुत्रः (sūtaputraḥ) - Karna (who was raised by a charioteer, though his birth parents were Kunti and Surya) (son of a charioteer)

• किरीटिन् (kirīṭin) - Arjuna (who received a special diadem from Indra) (O crowned one, O wearer of a diadem)

• महाइषुभिः (mahāiṣubhiḥ) - with great arrows, by mighty arrows

• दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten great arrows (by ten, with ten)

• अविध्यत् (avidhyat) - he pierced, he struck

• अग्रे (agre) - Karna was the first to successfully pierce Arjuna with arrows (first, in front, formerly, at the beginning)

Words meanings and morphology

अमृष्यमाणः (amṛṣyamāṇaḥ) - Bhimasena, unable to tolerate the situation (not tolerating, unable to bear, impatient)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amṛṣyamāṇa

amṛṣyamāṇa - not tolerating, unable to bear, impatient, enduring

Present Participle (Middle Voice)

Derived from the root √mṛṣ (to endure, bear, tolerate) with the negative prefix 'a-' and the middle voice present participle suffix '-māṇa'.

Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

महाविमर्दे (mahāvimarde) - in the significant battle taking place (in a great conflict, in a big struggle, in a mighty battle)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāvimarda

mahāvimarda - great conflict, mighty struggle, severe battle

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (mahā+vimarda)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• vimarda – conflict, struggle, battle, crushing
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √mṛd (to crush, press) with prefix 'vi-'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: mṛd (class 9)

तत्र (tatra) - in that situation, at that point in the battle (there, then, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Derived from the pronoun 'tad' (that) with the locative suffix '-tra'.

आक्रुउध्यत् (ākruudhyat) - became angry, raged, was enraged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ākruudh

Imperfect

Imperfect 3rd person singular, derived from root √krudh (to be angry) with prefix 'ā-'.

Prefix: ā

Root: krudh (class 4)

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena (name of a Pandava prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (son of Vayu and Kunti, known for his immense strength and anger)

महात्मा (mahātmā) - Bhimasena, known for his great spirit and noble character despite his fierce nature (great-souled, magnanimous, noble)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, magnanimous, noble, a great person, the supreme (ātman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect

Imperfect 3rd person singular, root √brū (to speak).

Root: brū (class 2)

पाणिना (pāṇinā) - striking with his own hand (with hand, by hand)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāṇi

pāṇi - hand, palm

पाणिम् (pāṇim) - the other hand (as in 'hand by hand' or 'hand on hand') (hand)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇi

pāṇi - hand, palm

आघ्नन् (āghnan) - Bhimasena striking his hand (with the other hand) in anger (striking, hitting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āghnat

āghnat - striking, hitting, killing

Present Participle (Active Voice)

Derived from the root √han (to strike, kill) with prefix 'ā-' and the active voice present participle suffix '-at'.

Prefix: ā

Root: han (class 2)

संदष्टौष्ठः (saṁdaṣṭauṣṭhaḥ) - Bhimasena, showing his extreme anger by biting his lips (with bitten lips, having bitten lips (due to anger or determination))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃdaṣṭauṣṭha

saṁdaṣṭauṣṭha - having bitten lips, with lips pressed together (in anger, determination)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (samdaṣṭa+oṣṭha)

• samdaṣṭa – bitten, stung, grasped
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √daṃś (to bite) with prefix 'sam-'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: daṃś (class 1)
• oṣṭha – lip
  noun (masculine)

नृत्यति (nṛtyati) - figuratively, he was agitated, fuming, expressing extreme emotion as if dancing (he dances, it dances)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of nṛt

Present Indicative

Present 3rd person singular, root √nṛt (to dance).

Root: nṛt (class 4)

वादयन् (vādayan) - figuratively, as if accompanying his agitation with music or expressing it rhythmically (causing to play, playing (an instrument))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vādayat

vādayat - playing (an instrument), causing to speak, causing to sound

Present Participle (Active Voice, Causative)

Derived from the root √vad (to speak, sound) in causative form (vādayati) with the active voice present participle suffix '-at'.

Root: vad (class 1)

इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

(indeclinable)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why

(indeclinable)

Derived from the interrogative pronoun 'kim' (what) with the suffix '-tham'.

नु (nu) - introducing a rhetorical question: 'how then...' (indeed, then, now, surely (interrogative or emphatic particle))

(indeclinable)

त्वाम् (tvām) - Arjuna (the addressed person) (you (accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

सूतपुत्रः (sūtaputraḥ) - Karna (who was raised by a charioteer, though his birth parents were Kunti and Surya) (son of a charioteer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūtaputra

sūtaputra - son of a charioteer, son of a Sūta (a mixed caste)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sūta+putra)

• sūta – charioteer, bard, a mixed caste
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

किरीटिन् (kirīṭin) - Arjuna (who received a special diadem from Indra) (O crowned one, O wearer of a diadem)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kirīṭin

kirīṭin - crowned, wearing a diadem, a king, Arjuna (proper noun)

Derived from 'kirīṭa' (diadem) with the possessive suffix '-in'.

महाइषुभिः (mahāiṣubhiḥ) - with great arrows, by mighty arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāiṣu

mahāiṣu - great arrow, mighty arrow

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (mahā+iṣu)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• iṣu – arrow
  noun (masculine)

दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten great arrows (by ten, with ten)

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'mahāiṣubhiḥ' in gender, number, and case.

अविध्यत् (avidhyat) - he pierced, he struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vidh

Imperfect

Imperfect 3rd person singular, root √vyadh (to pierce, strike), which becomes 'vidh' in some forms.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

अग्रे (agre) - Karna was the first to successfully pierce Arjuna with arrows (first, in front, formerly, at the beginning)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here.