महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-65, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
तौ शङ्खभेरीनिनदे समृद्धे समीयतुः श्वेतहयौ नराग्र्यौ ।
वैकर्तनः सूतपुत्रोऽर्जुनश्च दुर्मन्त्रिते तव पुत्रस्य राजन् ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tau śaṅkhabherīninade samṛddhe; samīyatuḥ śvetahayau narāgryau ,
vaikartanaḥ sūtaputro'rjunaśca; durmantrite tava putrasya rājan.

1. saṃjayaḥ uvāca tau śaṅkhabherīninade
samṛddhe samīyatuḥ śvetahayau
narāgryau vaikartanaḥ sūtaputraḥ arjunaḥ
ca durmantrite tava putrasya rājan

1. saṃjayaḥ uvāca rājan tau narāgryau
śvetahayau samṛddhe śaṅkhabherīninade
samīyatuḥ vaikartanaḥ sūtaputraḥ
ca arjunaḥ tava putrasya durmantrite

1. Sañjaya said: O King, those two foremost of men, riding white horses, met amidst the mighty roar of conches and kettledrums. They were Vaikartana (Karṇa), the son of Sūta, and Arjuna, (meeting) due to the evil counsel of your son.

Words meanings summery:

• संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Sañjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• तौ (tau) - those two

• शङ्खभेरीनिनदे (śaṅkhabherīninade) - in the roar of conches and kettledrums

• समृद्धे (samṛddhe) - mighty, abundant, prosperous

• समीयतुः (samīyatuḥ) - they two met, they two came together

• श्वेतहयौ (śvetahayau) - (those) with white horses

• नराग्र्यौ (narāgryau) - the best of men, foremost men

• वैकर्तनः (vaikartanaḥ) - Vaikartana (Karṇa)

• सूतपुत्रः (sūtaputraḥ) - son of Sūta (Karṇa)

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• च (ca) - and

• दुर्मन्त्रिते (durmantrite) - in the evil counsel, due to the bad plan

• तव (tava) - your

• पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of your son (Duryodhana) (of the son)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O King)

Words meanings and morphology

संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sañjaya (proper name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Karṇa and Arjuna.

शङ्खभेरीनिनदे (śaṅkhabherīninade) - in the roar of conches and kettledrums

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śaṅkhabherīninada

śaṅkhabherīninada - sound/roar of conches and kettledrums

Compound type : dvandva-tatpurusha (śaṅkha+bherī+ninada)

• śaṅkha – conch shell
  noun (masculine)
• bherī – kettledrum
  noun (feminine)
• ninada – sound, roar
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: nad (class 1)

समृद्धे (samṛddhe) - mighty, abundant, prosperous

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of samṛddha

samṛddha - abundant, rich, prosperous, mighty

past passive participle

Derived from root ṛdh (to grow, prosper) with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛdh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with śaṅkhabherīninade.

समीयतुः (samīyatuḥ) - they two met, they two came together

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (liṭ) of samī

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

श्वेतहयौ (śvetahayau) - (those) with white horses

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of śvetahaya

śvetahaya - having white horses

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śveta+haya)

• śveta – white
  adjective
• haya – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Arjuna (whose chariot had white horses) and Karṇa, as a pair of warriors.

नराग्र्यौ (narāgryau) - the best of men, foremost men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of narāgrya

narāgrya - foremost of men, chief of men

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+agrya)

• nara – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• agrya – foremost, chief, best
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Refers to Karṇa and Arjuna.

वैकर्तनः (vaikartanaḥ) - Vaikartana (Karṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaikartana

vaikartana - Vaikartana (epithet of Karṇa, son of Vīkartana, i.e., Sūrya)

सूतपुत्रः (sūtaputraḥ) - son of Sūta (Karṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūtaputra

sūtaputra - son of a charioteer (epithet of Karṇa)

Compound type : tatpurusha (sūta+putra)

• sūta – charioteer
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (proper name of a Pandava prince, meaning 'white, clear')

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

दुर्मन्त्रिते (durmantrite) - in the evil counsel, due to the bad plan

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of durmantrita

durmantrita - evil counsel, bad plan

past passive participle (nominalized)

Derived from root mantr (to counsel) with prefix dur, then nominalized

Prefix: dur

Root: mantr (class 10)

Note: Used here adverbially, 'due to the evil counsel'.

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of your son (Duryodhana) (of the son)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

Note: Refers to Duryodhana.

राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.