महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-59, verse-44

ततः शरसहस्राणि कर्णमुक्तानि मारिष ।
व्ययोजयन्त पाञ्चालान्प्राणैः प्राणभृतां वर ॥४४॥

44. tataḥ śarasahasrāṇi karṇamuktāni māriṣa ,
vyayojayanta pāñcālānprāṇaiḥ prāṇabhṛtāṁ vara.

44. tataḥ śarasahasrāṇi karṇamuktāni māriṣa
vyayojayanta pāñcālān prāṇaiḥ prāṇabhṛtām vara

44. tataḥ māriṣa prāṇabhṛtām vara śarasahasrāṇi
karṇamuktāni vyayojayanta pāñcālān prāṇaiḥ

44. Then, O respected and best among living beings, thousands of arrows released by Karṇa separated the Pāñcālas from their vital breaths (prāṇa).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• शरसहस्राणि (śarasahasrāṇi) - thousands of arrows

• कर्णमुक्तानि (karṇamuktāni) - released by Karṇa

• मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected one, O noble one

• व्ययोजयन्त (vyayojayanta) - caused to separate, detached, deprived

• पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - the Pāñcālas

• प्राणैः (prāṇaiḥ) - from their vital breaths, lives

• प्राणभृताम् (prāṇabhṛtām) - of living beings

• वर (vara) - O best, excellent

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

शरसहस्राणि (śarasahasrāṇi) - thousands of arrows

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of śarasahasra

śarasahasra - thousand arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+sahasra)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'vyayojayanta'.

कर्णमुक्तानि (karṇamuktāni) - released by Karṇa

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, plural of karṇamukta

karṇamukta - released by Karṇa

Past Passive Participle

'mukta' (released) is Past Passive Participle of 'muc' (to release). Compound 'Karṇa-mukta'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (karṇa+mukta)

• karṇa – Karna
  proper noun (masculine)
• mukta – released, discharged, freed
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'muc' (to release).
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'śarasahasrāṇi'.

मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected one, O noble one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - respected person, noble one (vocative)

Note: Used as a respectful address.

व्ययोजयन्त (vyayojayanta) - caused to separate, detached, deprived

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vi-yuj

Imperfect (Laṅ), Causative

3rd person plural, Imperfect, Causative, Ātmanepada (though transitive causative often uses Parasmaipada).

Prefix: vi

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: The active voice here applies to the causative meaning 'caused to separate', with 'śarasahasrāṇi' as the agent.

पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - the Pāñcālas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - inhabitant of Pañcāla, the Pañcāla country or its people

Note: Object of 'vyayojayanta'.

प्राणैः (prāṇaiḥ) - from their vital breaths, lives

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, vital air, life, spirit (prāṇa)

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Instrumental case indicating separation (like ablative).

प्राणभृताम् (prāṇabhṛtām) - of living beings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of prāṇabhṛt

prāṇabhṛt - living being, animated creature (literally 'life-sustainer')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāṇa+bhṛt)

• prāṇa – breath, vital air, life
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: an (class 2)
• bhṛt – bearing, holding, maintaining
  participle
  Agent noun
  Derived from root 'bhṛ' (to bear, hold, nourish).
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'vara'.

वर (vara) - O best, excellent

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - excellent, best, supreme; boon; bridegroom

Root: vṛ (class 5)