महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-59, verse-36

अभ्यद्रवत तान्पार्थः किरञ्शरशतान्बहून् ।
हर्षयन्पाण्डवान्योधान्भीमसेनपुरोगमान् ॥३६॥

36. abhyadravata tānpārthaḥ kirañśaraśatānbahūn ,
harṣayanpāṇḍavānyodhānbhīmasenapurogamān.

36. abhyadravata tān pārthaḥ kiran śaraśatān bahūn
harṣayan pāṇḍavān yodhān bhīmasenapurōgamān

36. pārthaḥ tān abhyadravata bahūn śaraśatān kiran
bhīmasenapurōgamān pāṇḍavān yodhān harṣayan

36. Arjuna (Pārtha) rushed towards them, showering many hundreds of arrows, thereby gladdening the Pāṇḍava warriors, with Bhīmasena at their forefront.

Words meanings summery:

• अभ्यद्रवत (abhyadravata) - he rushed towards, he ran to

• तान् (tān) - them

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna, son of Pṛthā

• किरन् (kiran) - showering, scattering, casting

• शरशतान् (śaraśatān) - hundreds of arrows

• बहून् (bahūn) - many

• हर्षयन् (harṣayan) - delighting, gladdening, causing joy

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

• योधान् (yodhān) - warriors, fighters

• भीमसेनपुर्ओगमान् (bhīmasenapurōgamān) - having Bhīmasena as their leader, led by Bhīmasena

Words meanings and morphology

अभ्यद्रवत (abhyadravata) - he rushed towards, he ran to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhidru

Imperfect third person singular (ātmanepada)

From root `dru` (to run) with prefixes `abhi` and `a` (augment). Imperfect (laṅ), ātmanepada. The `i` of `abhi` combines with the `a` of the augment to form `ya` by sandhi.

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'pārthaḥ'.

तान् (tān) - them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of 'abhyadravata'. Refers to the Kurus from the previous verse.

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna, son of Pṛthā

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna

Vrddhi derivative from Pṛthā.

Note: Subject of 'abhyadravata'.

किरन् (kiran) - showering, scattering, casting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kiran

kirat - showering, scattering, casting

Present Active Participle

From root `kṛ` (to scatter, to throw) with suffix `śatṛ`.

Root: kṛ (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'pārthaḥ'.

शरशतान् (śaraśatān) - hundreds of arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śaraśata

śaraśata - hundred of arrows

Tatpuruṣa compound of `śara` (arrow) and `śata` (hundred).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+śata)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'kiran'.

बहून् (bahūn) - many

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Adjective.

Note: Qualifies 'śaraśatān'.

हर्षयन् (harṣayan) - delighting, gladdening, causing joy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of harṣayat

harṣayat - delighting, gladdening

Causative Present Active Participle

From root `hṛṣ` (to be thrilled) with causative suffix `ṇic` (forming `harṣi` stem) and `śatṛ` suffix for participle.

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'pārthaḥ'.

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Vrddhi derivative from Pāṇḍu.

Note: Object of 'harṣayan'.

योधान् (yodhān) - warriors, fighters

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter

From root `yudh` (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: In apposition to 'pāṇḍavān'.

भीमसेनपुर्ओगमान् (bhīmasenapurōgamān) - having Bhīmasena as their leader, led by Bhīmasena

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhīmasenapurōgama

bhīmasenapurōgama - having Bhīmasena at the front, led by Bhīmasena

Bahuvrīhi compound, meaning 'whose front/leader is Bhīmasena'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīmasena+purōgama)

• bhīmasena – name of Bhīma, one of the Pāṇḍavas
  proper noun (masculine)
• purōgama – going before, leading, leader
  noun (masculine)
  From `puras` (before) and root `gam` (to go).
  Prefix: puras
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'pāṇḍavān yodhān'.