महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-59, verse-28

हतं पराङ्मुखप्रायं निरुत्साहं परं बलम् ।
व्यालम्बत महाराज प्रायशः शस्त्रवेष्टितम् ॥२८॥

28. hataṁ parāṅmukhaprāyaṁ nirutsāhaṁ paraṁ balam ,
vyālambata mahārāja prāyaśaḥ śastraveṣṭitam.

28. hatam parāṅmukha-prāyam nirutsāham param balam
| vyālambata mahārāja prāyaśaḥ śastra-veṣṭitam

28. mahārāja,
prāyaśaḥ parāṅmukha-prāyam nirutsāham śastra-veṣṭitam hatam param balam vyālambata

28. O great king, the enemy army, mostly turning away, dispirited, covered with weapons, and largely destroyed, was wavering.

Words meanings summery:

• हतम् (hatam) - slain, destroyed

• पराङ्मुख-प्रायम् (parāṅmukha-prāyam) - mostly facing away, almost routed

• निरुत्साहम् (nirutsāham) - dispirited, without enthusiasm

• परम् (param) - the enemy (enemy, supreme, great)

• बलम् (balam) - force, army

• व्यालम्बत (vyālambata) - was wavering, hung back

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

• प्रायशः (prāyaśaḥ) - mostly, generally

• शस्त्र-वेष्टितम् (śastra-veṣṭitam) - covered with weapons, overwhelmed by weapons

Words meanings and morphology

हतम् (hatam) - slain, destroyed

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, struck

past passive participle

From root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'balam'.

पराङ्मुख-प्रायम् (parāṅmukha-prāyam) - mostly facing away, almost routed

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parāṅmukha-prāya

parāṅmukha-prāya - mostly turned away, largely facing backwards

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parāṅmukha+prāya)

• parāṅmukha – turned away, having the face turned away
  adjective (masculine)
• prāya – mostly, predominantly, nearly
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'balam'.

निरुत्साहम् (nirutsāham) - dispirited, without enthusiasm

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nirutsāha

nirutsāha - devoid of energy, dispirited, languid, without enthusiasm

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+utsāha)

• nis – without, out of
  indeclinable
• utsāha – enthusiasm, energy, effort
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'balam'.

परम् (param) - the enemy (enemy, supreme, great)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, another, enemy, supreme, highest

Note: Modifies 'balam', here meaning 'enemy'.

बलम् (balam) - force, army

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army, troops

व्यालम्बत (vyālambata) - was wavering, hung back

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of vi-ālamb

From root lamb with prefixes vi and ā

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: lamb (class 1)

महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rāja)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rāja – king
  noun (masculine)

प्रायशः (prāyaśaḥ) - mostly, generally

(indeclinable)

adverbial suffix

Formed from prāya (mostly) with suffix -śas

शस्त्र-वेष्टितम् (śastra-veṣṭitam) - covered with weapons, overwhelmed by weapons

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śastra-veṣṭita

śastra-veṣṭita - covered or enveloped by weapons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śastra+veṣṭita)

• śastra – weapon, sword
  noun (neuter)
• veṣṭita – covered, surrounded, enveloped
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  From root veṣṭ (to wrap, to cover)
  Root: veṣṭ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'balam'.