महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-59, verse-40

तथा कर्णं महेष्वासं पुत्रास्तव नराधिप ।
उपालीयन्त संत्रासात्पाण्डवस्य महात्मनः ॥४०॥

40. tathā karṇaṁ maheṣvāsaṁ putrāstava narādhipa ,
upālīyanta saṁtrāsātpāṇḍavasya mahātmanaḥ.

40. tathā karṇam maheṣvāsam putrāḥ tava narādhipa
upālīyanta saṃtrāsāt pāṇḍavasya mahātmanaḥ

40. narādhipa tathā tava putrāḥ mahātmanaḥ pāṇḍavasya
saṃtrāsāt maheṣvāsam karṇam upālīyanta

40. Thus, O king of men, your sons sought refuge in Karna, the great archer, out of great terror of the magnanimous Pāṇḍava (Arjuna).

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in the same way (thus, so, in that manner)

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

• महेष्वासम् (maheṣvāsam) - the great archer (epithet for Karna) (great archer, having a great bow)

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

• तव (tava) - your (referring to Dhritarashtra) (your, of you)

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king of men (vocative, referring to Dhritarashtra) (king of men, ruler)

• उपालीयन्त (upālīyanta) - they sought refuge (they took refuge, they sought shelter)

• संत्रासात् (saṁtrāsāt) - out of great terror (from great terror, out of great fear)

• पाण्डवस्य (pāṇḍavasya) - of the Pāṇḍava (Arjuna) (of the son of Pāṇḍu, of Arjuna)

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the magnanimous (epithet for Arjuna) (of the high-souled, of the great-souled, of the magnanimous)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, in the same way (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects to the previous verse (yathā... tathā...).

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear; proper name of a warrior Karna

महेष्वासम् (maheṣvāsam) - the great archer (epithet for Karna) (great archer, having a great bow)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - a great archer, having a great bow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+iṣvāsa)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – bow; archer
  noun (masculine)

Note: An adjective qualifying 'Karṇam'.

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son

Note: Subject of 'upālīyanta'.

तव (tava) - your (referring to Dhritarashtra) (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Possessive pronoun modifying 'putrāḥ'.

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king of men (vocative, referring to Dhritarashtra) (king of men, ruler)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king of men, ruler, chief of men

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, chief
  noun (masculine)

उपालीयन्त (upālīyanta) - they sought refuge (they took refuge, they sought shelter)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of upalī

imperfect, middle voice, 3rd person plural

from root LĪ (cl. 4, to cling, adhere, dissolve) with upasarga UPĀ, in the middle voice, imperfect tense.

Prefix: upa

Root: lī (class 4)

संत्रासात् (saṁtrāsāt) - out of great terror (from great terror, out of great fear)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of saṃtrāsa

saṁtrāsa - great terror, fear, dread

Prefix: sam

Root: tras (class 4)

पाण्डवस्य (pāṇḍavasya) - of the Pāṇḍava (Arjuna) (of the son of Pāṇḍu, of Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

derived from Pāṇḍu with suffix -a

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the magnanimous (epithet for Arjuna) (of the high-souled, of the great-souled, of the magnanimous)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, magnanimous, noble-minded, the great soul (ātman)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'Pāṇḍavasya'.