महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-59, verse-15

ततो गाण्डीवनिर्घोषो महानासीद्विशां पते ।
स्तनतां कूजतां चैव मनुष्यगजवाजिनाम् ॥१५॥

15. tato gāṇḍīvanirghoṣo mahānāsīdviśāṁ pate ,
stanatāṁ kūjatāṁ caiva manuṣyagajavājinām.

15. tataḥ gāṇḍīvanirghoṣaḥ mahān āsīt viśām pate
stanatām kūjatām ca eva manuṣyagajavājinām

15. tataḥ viśām pate mahān gāṇḍīvanirghoṣaḥ āsīt,
ca eva stanatām kūjatām manuṣyagajavājinām

15. Then, O Lord of the people, there was a great roar from Gaṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow), amidst the trumpeting and cries of men, elephants, and horses.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• गाण्डीवनिर्घोषः (gāṇḍīvanirghoṣaḥ) - the roar/sound of Gaṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow)

• महान् (mahān) - great, mighty, large

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• विशाम् (viśām) - of people, of subjects

• पते (pate) - O lord (addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O lord, O master)

• स्तनताम् (stanatām) - of those roaring, of those trumpeting

• कूजताम् (kūjatām) - of those crying, of those screaming

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• मनुष्यगजवाजिनाम् (manuṣyagajavājinām) - of men, elephants, and horses

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

गाण्डीवनिर्घोषः (gāṇḍīvanirghoṣaḥ) - the roar/sound of Gaṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gāṇḍīvanirghoṣa

gāṇḍīvanirghoṣa - sound of Gaṇḍīva

Compound of gāṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow) and nirghoṣa (sound, roar)

Compound type : tatpurusha (gāṇḍīva+nirghoṣa)

• gāṇḍīva – Arjuna's bow
  proper noun (neuter)
• nirghoṣa – sound, roar, loud noise
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √ghuṣ (to sound) with prefix nir-
  Prefix: nir
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

महान् (mahān) - great, mighty, large

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Qualifies 'gāṇḍīvanirghoṣaḥ'.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular, imperfect tense, active voice of √as

Root: as (class 2)

विशाम् (viśām) - of people, of subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, community

Note: Part of the vocative compound 'viśāṃ pate'.

पते (pate) - O lord (addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

स्तनताम् (stanatām) - of those roaring, of those trumpeting

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of stanat

stanat - roaring, thundering, trumpeting

Present Active Participle

Derived from √stan (to roar, thunder), present active participle

Root: stan (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'manuṣyagajavājinām'.

कूजताम् (kūjatām) - of those crying, of those screaming

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kūjat

kūjat - crying, cooing, screaming

Present Active Participle

Derived from √kūj (to coo, cry out), present active participle

Root: kūj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'manuṣyagajavājinām'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'stanatām' and 'kūjatām'.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

मनुष्यगजवाजिनाम् (manuṣyagajavājinām) - of men, elephants, and horses

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of manuṣyagajavājin

manuṣyagajavājin - men, elephants, and horses

Dvandva compound of manuṣya (man), gaja (elephant), and vājin (horse)

Compound type : dvandva (manuṣya+gaja+vājin)

• manuṣya – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• vājin – horse, swift
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from vāja (strength, speed) + -in (possessive suffix)