महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-96, verse-7

मत्तद्विरदसंकाशं मत्तद्विरदगामिनम् ।
प्रभिन्नमिव मातङ्गं यूथमध्ये व्यवस्थितम् ।
व्याघ्रा इव जिघांसन्तस्त्वदीयाभ्यद्रवन्रणे ॥७॥

7. mattadviradasaṁkāśaṁ mattadviradagāminam ,
prabhinnamiva mātaṅgaṁ yūthamadhye vyavasthitam ,
vyāghrā iva jighāṁsantastvadīyābhyadravanraṇe.

7. mattadviradasaṃkāśam mattadviradagāminam
prabhinnam iva mātaṅgam yūthmadhye
vyavasthitam vyāghrāḥ iva
jighāṃsantaḥ tvadīyāḥ abhyadravan raṇe

7. mattadviradasaṃkāśam mattadviradagāminam
yūthmadhye vyavasthitam prabhinnam
mātaṅgam iva (tām) jighāṃsantaḥ
vyāghrāḥ iva tvadīyāḥ raṇe abhyadravan

7. Your warriors, intent on killing like tigers, rushed into battle against him who stood among his troops like a rutting elephant (mātaṅga), resembling a frenzied elephant (dvirada) and moving with its gait.

Words meanings summery:

• मत्तद्विरदसंकाशम् (mattadviradasaṁkāśam) - resembling a frenzied elephant

• मत्तद्विरदगामिनम् (mattadviradagāminam) - moving like a frenzied elephant, having the gait of a frenzied elephant

• प्रभिन्नम् (prabhinnam) - in rut (referring to an elephant) (broken out (into rut), split, distinct)

• इव (iva) - like, as, similar to

• मातङ्गम् (mātaṅgam) - elephant (elephant, a low-caste person)

• यूथ्मध्ये (yūthmadhye) - among the (hero's) troops/the elephant's herd (in the midst of a herd/multitude)

• व्यवस्थितम् (vyavasthitam) - standing, situated, established, firm

• व्याघ्राः (vyāghrāḥ) - tigers

• इव (iva) - like, as, similar to

• जिघांसन्तः (jighāṁsantaḥ) - intent on killing (desiring to kill, wishing to strike)

• त्वदीयाः (tvadīyāḥ) - your (Dhritarashtra's) warriors (your (men), belonging to you)

• अभ्यद्रवन् (abhyadravan) - rushed towards, attacked

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

Words meanings and morphology

मत्तद्विरदसंकाशम् (mattadviradasaṁkāśam) - resembling a frenzied elephant

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mattadviradasaṃkāśa

mattadviradasaṁkāśa - resembling a frenzied elephant

Compound 'matta-dvirada' (frenzied elephant) followed by 'saṃkāśa' (resembling).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (matta+dvirada+saṃkāśa)

• matta – intoxicated, frenzied, in rut
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root mad (to be mad, rejoice, be intoxicated).
  Root: mad (class 4)
• dvirada – elephant (lit. 'having two tusks')
  noun (masculine)
  Bahuvrīhi compound: dvi (two) + rada (tusk).
• saṃkāśa – resembling, like, similar to
  adjective (masculine)
  From root kāś (to shine, appear) with prefix sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the hero (object of the verb 'abhyadravan').

मत्तद्विरदगामिनम् (mattadviradagāminam) - moving like a frenzied elephant, having the gait of a frenzied elephant

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mattadviradagāmin

mattadviradagāmin - moving like a frenzied elephant, having the gait of a frenzied elephant

Agent noun/adjective with suffix -in

Compound 'matta-dvirada' (frenzied elephant) followed by 'gāmin' (going, moving), derived from root gam (to go).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (matta+dvirada+gāmin)

• matta – intoxicated, frenzied
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root mad (to be mad, rejoice).
  Root: mad (class 4)
• dvirada – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• gāmin – going, moving, endowed with a gait
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective
  From root gam (to go) with suffix -in.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the hero (object of the verb 'abhyadravan').

प्रभिन्नम् (prabhinnam) - in rut (referring to an elephant) (broken out (into rut), split, distinct)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prabhinna

prabhinna - broken, split, distinct, in rut (elephant)

Past Passive Participle

From root bhid (to split, break) with upasarga pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'mātaṅgam'.

इव (iva) - like, as, similar to

(indeclinable)

मातङ्गम् (mātaṅgam) - elephant (elephant, a low-caste person)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mātaṅga

mātaṅga - elephant, a member of a low or outcast tribe

Note: Object of comparison for the hero.

यूथ्मध्ये (yūthmadhye) - among the (hero's) troops/the elephant's herd (in the midst of a herd/multitude)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yūthmadhya

yūthmadhya - middle of a herd/multitude

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'yūtha' (herd) and 'madhya' (middle).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yūtha+madhya)

• yūtha – herd, troop, multitude, company
  noun (neuter)
• madhya – middle, center, midst
  noun (neuter)

व्यवस्थितम् (vyavasthitam) - standing, situated, established, firm

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyavasthita

vyavasthita - standing, situated, established, firm

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā (to stand) with prefixes vi and ava.

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

व्याघ्राः (vyāghrāḥ) - tigers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyāghra

vyāghra - tiger

From root ghrā (to smell) with prefixes vi-ā, referring to its keen sense of smell.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: ghrā (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, similar to

(indeclinable)

जिघांसन्तः (jighāṁsantaḥ) - intent on killing (desiring to kill, wishing to strike)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jighāṃsat

jighāṁsat - desiring to kill, wishing to strike

Desiderative Present Participle

From desiderative stem of root han (to kill).

Root: han (class 2)

त्वदीयाः (tvadīyāḥ) - your (Dhritarashtra's) warriors (your (men), belonging to you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tvadīya

tvadīya - yours, belonging to you, your people/party

Derived from 'tvad' (you, 2nd person pronoun).

Note: Subject of the verb 'abhyadravan'.

अभ्यद्रवन् (abhyadravan) - rushed towards, attacked

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of dru

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural, active voice

From root dru (to run) with upasarga abhi (towards). The 'a' prefix is for imperfect tense.

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, contest, struggle

From root raṇ (to sound, rejoice, fight).

Root: raṇ (class 1)