महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-96, verse-41

पातिते सारथौ तस्मिंस्तव पुत्ररथः प्रभो ।
वातायमानैस्तैरश्वैरपानीयत संगरात् ॥४१॥

41. pātite sārathau tasmiṁstava putrarathaḥ prabho ,
vātāyamānaistairaśvairapānīyata saṁgarāt.

41. pātite sārathau tasmin tava putrarathaḥ prabho
vāthāyamānaiḥ taiḥ aśvaiḥ apānīyata saṅgarāt

41. prabho tasmin sārathau pātite tava putrarathaḥ
vāthāyamānaiḥ taiḥ aśvaiḥ saṅgarāt apānīyata

41. O lord, when that charioteer had fallen, your son's chariot was carried away from the battlefield by those horses, which had become frantic.

Words meanings summery:

• पातिते (pātite) - when he had fallen (having fallen, made to fall)

• सारथौ (sārathau) - when the charioteer (had fallen) (in/on the charioteer)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - that (charioteer) (on that, in that, that one)

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• पुत्ररथः (putrarathaḥ) - son's chariot

• प्रभो (prabho) - O lord, O master

• वाथायमानैः (vāthāyamānaiḥ) - becoming frantic (with fear/disorder) (becoming wind-like, flying swiftly, becoming frantic)

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those (horses) (by them, by those)

• अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - by horses

• अपानीयत (apānīyata) - was carried away, was led away

• सङ्गरात् (saṅgarāt) - from battle, from conflict

Words meanings and morphology

पातिते (pātite) - when he had fallen (having fallen, made to fall)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pātita

pātita - fallen, thrown down, overthrown

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of causative root 'pat' (pātayati)

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: part of a locative absolute construction

सारथौ (sārathau) - when the charioteer (had fallen) (in/on the charioteer)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer, driver

from 'saratha' (with a chariot) + 'i' suffix

Note: part of a locative absolute construction

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - that (charioteer) (on that, in that, that one)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: modifying 'sārathau', part of a locative absolute construction

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

पुत्ररथः (putrarathaḥ) - son's chariot

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putraratha

putraratha - son's chariot

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+ratha)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

प्रभो (prabho) - O lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, king

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

वाथायमानैः (vāthāyamānaiḥ) - becoming frantic (with fear/disorder) (becoming wind-like, flying swiftly, becoming frantic)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vāthāyamāna

vāthāyamāna - acting like wind, swift, frantic

Present Active Participle (Denominative verb)

Present Active Participle from the denominative verb 'vāthāyate' (to act like wind), root 'vātha'

Note: modifies 'aśvaiḥ'

तैः (taiḥ) - by those (horses) (by them, by those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: modifies 'aśvaiḥ'

अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - by horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

अपानीयत (apānīyata) - was carried away, was led away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of nī

imperfect tense, passive voice

imperfect 3rd person singular, passive voice, root 'nī' with 'apa' prefix

Prefix: apa

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: The agent 'aśvaiḥ' is in instrumental case due to passive voice.

सङ्गरात् (saṅgarāt) - from battle, from conflict

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of saṅgara

saṅgara - battle, war, fight

from 'sam' + 'gṛ' (to seize)