महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-78, verse-38

तस्य शङ्खस्य नादेन धनुषो निस्वनेन च ।
निःसत्त्वाश्च ससत्त्वाश्च क्षितौ पेतुस्तदा जनाः ॥३८॥

38. tasya śaṅkhasya nādena dhanuṣo nisvanena ca ,
niḥsattvāśca sasattvāśca kṣitau petustadā janāḥ.

38. tasya śaṅkhasya nādena dhanuṣaḥ nisvanena ca
niḥsattvāḥ ca sasattvāḥ ca kṣitau petuḥ tadā janāḥ

38. tadā tasya śaṅkhasya nādena ca dhanuṣaḥ nisvanena
niḥsattvāḥ ca sasattvāḥ ca janāḥ kṣitau petuḥ

38. Then, by the sound of his conch and the twang of the bow, people—both those devoid of courage and those possessing it—fell to the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Kṛṣṇa) (of him, of that, his)

• शङ्खस्य (śaṅkhasya) - of the conch

• नादेन (nādena) - by the sound (of the conch) (by the sound, by the roar)

• धनुषः (dhanuṣaḥ) - of the bow

• निस्वनेन (nisvanena) - by the twang (of the bow) (by the sound, by the twang)

• च (ca) - and

• निःसत्त्वाः (niḥsattvāḥ) - devoid of courage (without strength, without courage, spiritless)

• च (ca) - and

• ससत्त्वाः (sasattvāḥ) - possessing courage (with strength, with courage, animated)

• च (ca) - and

• क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the ground, on the earth

• पेतुः (petuḥ) - fell, dropped

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Kṛṣṇa) (of him, of that, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Kṛṣṇa (and Arjuna's bow).

शङ्खस्य (śaṅkhasya) - of the conch

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śaṅkha

śaṅkha - conch, conch shell

Note: Possessive for 'nādena'.

नादेन (nādena) - by the sound (of the conch) (by the sound, by the roar)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nāda

nāda - sound, noise, roar

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Instrument causing people to fall.

धनुषः (dhanuṣaḥ) - of the bow

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc

Note: Possessive for 'nisvanena'.

निस्वनेन (nisvanena) - by the twang (of the bow) (by the sound, by the twang)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nisvana

nisvana - sound, noise, twang

From root 'svan' with upasarga 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: svan (class 1)

Note: Instrument causing people to fall.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

निःसत्त्वाः (niḥsattvāḥ) - devoid of courage (without strength, without courage, spiritless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niḥsattva

niḥsattva - without strength, devoid of courage, spiritless, inanimate

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+sattva)

• nis – without, out, away
  indeclinable
• sattva – being, existence, strength, courage, essence
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'janāḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ससत्त्वाः (sasattvāḥ) - possessing courage (with strength, with courage, animated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sasattva

sasattva - with strength, courageous, animated, living

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+sattva)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• sattva – being, existence, strength, courage, essence
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'janāḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kṣiti

kṣiti - earth, ground, dwelling

Note: Location of falling.

पेतुः (petuḥ) - fell, dropped

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of pat

Perfect, root 'pat'

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the second half.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of 'tad'

Note: Temporal adverb.

जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, people, man, creature

Note: Subject of 'petuḥ'.