महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-78, verse-36

ततो विस्फार्य बलवद्गाण्डीवं जघ्निवान्रिपून् ।
महता शरवर्षेण तलशब्देन चार्जुनः ॥३६॥

36. tato visphārya balavadgāṇḍīvaṁ jaghnivānripūn ,
mahatā śaravarṣeṇa talaśabdena cārjunaḥ.

36. tataḥ visphārya balavat gāṇḍīvam jaghnivān
ripūn mahatā śaravarṣeṇa talaśabdena ca arjunaḥ

36. tataḥ arjunaḥ balavat gāṇḍīvam visphārya mahatā
śaravarṣeṇa ca talaśabdena ripūn jaghnivān

36. Then Arjuna, having mightily stretched his Gāṇḍīva (bow), struck down the enemies with a great shower of arrows and with the sound of his bowstring.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, after that

• विस्फार्य (visphārya) - having stretched (the bow) (having stretched, having expanded)

• बलवत् (balavat) - mightily (powerfully, mightily, strongly)

• गाण्डीवम् (gāṇḍīvam) - Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow)

• जघ्निवान् (jaghnivān) - struck down (he killed, he struck)

• रिपून् (ripūn) - enemies

• महता (mahatā) - with a great

• शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - with a shower of arrows, with a rain of arrows

• तलशब्देन (talaśabdena) - with the sound of his bowstring (with the sound of the palm (slap on bowstring), with the sound of the bowstring)

• च (ca) - and

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna (nominative)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, after that

(indeclinable)

ablative of 'tad' used as an adverb

विस्फार्य (visphārya) - having stretched (the bow) (having stretched, having expanded)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'sphār' with upasarga 'vi' and suffix '-ya'

Prefix: vi

Root: sphār (class 10)

Note: Conveys an action completed before the main verb.

बलवत् (balavat) - mightily (powerfully, mightily, strongly)

(indeclinable)

Nominative singular neuter or adverbial use

Note: Adverb modifying 'visphārya'.

गाण्डीवम् (gāṇḍīvam) - Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gāṇḍīva

gāṇḍīva - name of Arjuna's bow

Note: Object of 'visphārya'.

जघ्निवान् (jaghnivān) - struck down (he killed, he struck)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of han

han - to strike, to kill, to slay, to destroy

Past Active Participle

From root 'han', perfect stem 'jaghan', suffix -vat

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'arjunaḥ'.

रिपून् (ripūn) - enemies

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ripu

ripu - enemy, foe

Note: Object of 'jaghnivān'.

महता (mahatā) - with a great

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine/neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Qualifies 'śaravarṣeṇa'.

शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - with a shower of arrows, with a rain of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - rain of arrows, shower of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, showering
  noun (masculine/neuter)

Note: Instrument of striking.

तलशब्देन (talaśabdena) - with the sound of his bowstring (with the sound of the palm (slap on bowstring), with the sound of the bowstring)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of talaśabda

talaśabda - sound of the palm, sound of bowstring (due to palm slap)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tala+śabda)

• tala – palm of the hand, sole of the foot; flat surface
  noun (masculine)
• śabda – sound, noise, word
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrument of striking.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'śaravarṣeṇa' and 'talaśabdena'.

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna (nominative)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (a proper name); white, clear, silver

Note: Subject of 'jaghnivān'.