महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-163, verse-5

स हयान्संनिगृह्याजौ स्वयं हयविशारदः ।
युयुधे रथिनां श्रेष्ठश्चित्रं लघु च सुष्ठु च ॥५॥

5. sa hayānsaṁnigṛhyājau svayaṁ hayaviśāradaḥ ,
yuyudhe rathināṁ śreṣṭhaścitraṁ laghu ca suṣṭhu ca.

5. saḥ hayān saṃnigṛhya ājau svayam hayaviśāradaḥ
yuyudhe rathinām śreṣṭhaḥ citram laghu ca suṣṭhu ca

5. saḥ hayaviśāradaḥ rathinām śreṣṭhaḥ svayam ājau
hayān saṃnigṛhya citram laghu ca suṣṭhu ca yuyudhe

5. That best of charioteers, himself skilled with horses, having firmly restrained the horses in battle, fought wonderfully, swiftly, and very skillfully.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• हयान् (hayān) - horses

• संनिगृह्य (saṁnigṛhya) - having restrained, having controlled, having seized

• आजौ (ājau) - in battle, in conflict

• स्वयम् (svayam) - himself, herself, itself, personally

• हयविशारदः (hayaviśāradaḥ) - skilled in horses, expert with horses

• युयुधे (yuyudhe) - he fought

• रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, most excellent, chief

• चित्रम् (citram) - wonderfully, surprisingly, variegatedly

• लघु (laghu) - quickly, lightly, easily

• च (ca) - and, also

• सुष्ठु (suṣṭhu) - very well, excellently, properly

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हयान् (hayān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

संनिगृह्य (saṁnigṛhya) - having restrained, having controlled, having seized

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root GRAH (to seize, take) with upasargas SAM and NI, and suffix -lyaP (which forms absolutive when prefixed).

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: grah (class 9)

आजौ (ājau) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āja

āja - battle, fight, conflict, race, contest

स्वयम् (svayam) - himself, herself, itself, personally

(indeclinable)

हयविशारदः (hayaviśāradaḥ) - skilled in horses, expert with horses

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hayaviśārada

hayaviśārada - skilled in horses, expert in horsemanship

Compound type : tatpurusha (haya+viśārada)

• haya – horse
  noun (masculine)
• viśārada – skilled, expert, clever, knowing
  adjective (masculine)

युयुधे (yuyudhe) - he fought

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, most excellent, chief

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief, superior

Superlative form of praśasya (excellent)

चित्रम् (citram) - wonderfully, surprisingly, variegatedly

(indeclinable)

लघु (laghu) - quickly, lightly, easily

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सुष्ठु (suṣṭhu) - very well, excellently, properly

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)