महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-163, verse-11

संन्यवर्तत तं कर्णः संघट्टित इवोरगः ।
तदभूत्तुमुलं युद्धं भीमराधेययोस्तदा ॥११॥

11. saṁnyavartata taṁ karṇaḥ saṁghaṭṭita ivoragaḥ ,
tadabhūttumulaṁ yuddhaṁ bhīmarādheyayostadā.

11. sannyavartata tam karṇaḥ saṃghaṭṭitaḥ iva uragaḥ
tat abhūt tumulam yuddham bhīmarādheyayoḥ tadā

11. tadā karṇaḥ tam saṃghaṭṭitaḥ uragaḥ iva sannyavartata.
tat bhīmarādheyayoḥ tumulam yuddham abhūt.

11. Then Karṇa turned back towards him, like a provoked serpent. A fierce battle then ensued between Bhīma and Rādhīya (Karṇa).

Words meanings summery:

• सन्न्यवर्तत (sannyavartata) - turned back, wheeled around, retreated

• तम् (tam) - him (referring to Bhīma, who Karṇa was fighting) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa

• संघट्टितः (saṁghaṭṭitaḥ) - struck, provoked, collided, dashed against

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• उरगः (uragaḥ) - snake, serpent

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the ensuing battle) (that, it)

• अभूत् (abhūt) - became, was, happened

• तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous, fierce, violent

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

• भीमराधेययोः (bhīmarādheyayoḥ) - of Bhīma and Rādhīya (Karṇa)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

सन्न्यवर्तत (sannyavartata) - turned back, wheeled around, retreated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of sannyavartata

Imperfect, 3rd person, singular, middle voice (ātmanepada) with prefixes saṃ- and ni-

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

तम् (tam) - him (referring to Bhīma, who Karṇa was fighting) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he/she/it

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (name of a prominent warrior in the Mahābhārata)

संघट्टितः (saṁghaṭṭitaḥ) - struck, provoked, collided, dashed against

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃghaṭṭita

saṁghaṭṭita - struck, provoked, collided

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root ghaṭṭ with prefix saṃ

Prefix: sam

Root: ghaṭṭ (class 10)

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

उरगः (uragaḥ) - snake, serpent

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uraga

uraga - snake, serpent (literally 'chest-goer')

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the ensuing battle) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he/she/it

अभूत् (abhūt) - became, was, happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist, 3rd person, singular, active voice (parasmaipada)

Root: bhū (class 1)

तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous, fierce, violent

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, fierce, violent, agitated

Note: Agrees with 'yuddham'

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

भीमराधेययोः (bhīmarādheyayoḥ) - of Bhīma and Rādhīya (Karṇa)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of bhīmarādheya

bhīmarādheya - Bhīma and Rādhīya (Karṇa)

Compound type : dvandva (bhīma+rādheya)

• bhīma – Bhīma (name of a Pāṇḍava brother)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rādheya – son of Rādhā (an epithet for Karṇa)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Derived from Rādhā + suffix ey

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)