महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-163, verse-17

तस्याः प्रतिनिपातेन भीमस्य विपुलो ध्वजः ।
पपात सारथिश्चास्य मुमोह गदया हतः ॥१७॥

17. tasyāḥ pratinipātena bhīmasya vipulo dhvajaḥ ,
papāta sārathiścāsya mumoha gadayā hataḥ.

17. tasyāḥ pratinipātena bhīmasya vipulaḥ dhvajaḥ
papāta sārathiḥ ca asya mumoha gadayā hataḥ

17. tasyāḥ pratinipātena bhīmasya vipulaḥ dhvajaḥ papāta.
ca asya sārathiḥ gadayā hataḥ (san) mumoha.

17. Due to the recoil of that mace, Bhima's great banner fell down. And his charioteer, struck by the mace, became unconscious.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of that mace (thrown by Bhima) (of that (feminine singular genitive))

• प्रतिनिपातेन (pratinipātena) - by the counter-fall, by the recoil, by the returning blow

• भीमस्य (bhīmasya) - of Bhima

• विपुलः (vipulaḥ) - large, extensive, great

• ध्वजः (dhvajaḥ) - banner, flag, standard

• पपात (papāta) - it fell down, it dropped

• सारथिः (sārathiḥ) - charioteer

• च (ca) - and, also

• अस्य (asya) - his (Bhima's) (of him, his (masculine singular genitive))

• मुमोह (mumoha) - he fainted, he became bewildered, he lost consciousness

• गदया (gadayā) - by Bhima's mace (that recoiled) (by the mace, with the mace)

• हतः (hataḥ) - struck, hit, killed

Words meanings and morphology

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of that mace (thrown by Bhima) (of that (feminine singular genitive))

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to the mace.

प्रतिनिपातेन (pratinipātena) - by the counter-fall, by the recoil, by the returning blow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pratinipāta

pratinipāta - a counter-fall, a recoil, a returning blow

from root PAT (to fall) with prefixes PRATI + NI

Prefixes: prati+ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Denotes the cause of the banner falling.

भीमस्य (bhīmasya) - of Bhima

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhima (name of a Pandava hero)

Note: Possessive, referring to Bhima's banner.

विपुलः (vipulaḥ) - large, extensive, great

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipula

vipula - large, extensive, broad, great

Note: Qualifies 'dhvajaḥ'.

ध्वजः (dhvajaḥ) - banner, flag, standard

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhvaja

dhvaja - banner, flag, standard, ensign

Note: Subject of 'papāta'.

पपात (papāta) - it fell down, it dropped

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of pat

Perfect Active

Root PAT (1st class), reduplicated perfect

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'dhvajaḥ'.

सारथिः (sārathiḥ) - charioteer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer

Note: Subject of 'mumoha'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the fall of the banner with the charioteer's fainting.

अस्य (asya) - his (Bhima's) (of him, his (masculine singular genitive))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Bhima.

मुमोह (mumoha) - he fainted, he became bewildered, he lost consciousness

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of muh

Perfect Active

Root MUH (4th class), reduplicated perfect

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Subject is the charioteer.

गदया (gadayā) - by Bhima's mace (that recoiled) (by the mace, with the mace)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

Note: Instrument of striking.

हतः (hataḥ) - struck, hit, killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - struck, hit, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

from root HAN (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'sārathiḥ'.