महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-163, verse-2

तस्यापतत एवाशु भल्लेनामित्रकर्शनः ।
माद्रीसुतः शिरो यन्तुः सशिरस्त्राणमच्छिनत् ॥२॥

2. tasyāpatata evāśu bhallenāmitrakarśanaḥ ,
mādrīsutaḥ śiro yantuḥ saśirastrāṇamacchinat.

2. tasya āpatataḥ eva āśu bhallena amitrakarśanaḥ
mādrīsutaḥ śiraḥ yantuḥ saśirastrāṇam acchinat

2. amitrakarśanaḥ mādrīsutaḥ,
tasya āpatataḥ eva,
āśu bhallena yantuḥ saśirastrāṇam śiraḥ acchinat

2. As he (Duḥśāsana) was just attacking, Mādrī's son (Sahadeva), the tormentor of foes, quickly cut off the charioteer's head along with its helmet with an arrow.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - Refers to Duḥśāsana from the previous verse. (of him, his)

• आपततः (āpatataḥ) - As he (Duḥśāsana) was attacking. (rushing, attacking, falling upon)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes the immediacy of the action. (just, only, indeed)

• आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

• भल्लेन (bhallena) - with an arrow, with a broad-headed arrow

• अमित्रकर्शनः (amitrakarśanaḥ) - An epithet for Sahadeva. (tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies)

• माद्रीसुतः (mādrīsutaḥ) - Refers to Sahadeva. (son of Mādrī)

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

• यन्तुः (yantuḥ) - Refers to Duḥśāsana's charioteer. (of the charioteer, of the guide)

• सशिरस्त्राणम् (saśirastrāṇam) - with the helmet, along with the head-protection

• अच्छिनत् (acchinat) - cut off, severed

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - Refers to Duḥśāsana from the previous verse. (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

आपततः (āpatataḥ) - As he (Duḥśāsana) was attacking. (rushing, attacking, falling upon)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of āpatat

āpatat - rushing, attacking, falling upon

Present Active Participle

From root pat (to fall) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Forms a genitive absolute construction with tasya.

एव (eva) - Emphasizes the immediacy of the action. (just, only, indeed)

(indeclinable)

आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

भल्लेन (bhallena) - with an arrow, with a broad-headed arrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhalla

bhalla - a broad-headed arrow

अमित्रकर्शनः (amitrakarśanaḥ) - An epithet for Sahadeva. (tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amitrakarśana

amitrakarśana - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (amitra+karśana)

• amitra – enemy, foe (lit. not friend)
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: a
• karśana – emaciating, tormenting, subduing
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun from causative
  Derived from root kṛś (to make thin, weaken), causative stem karśaya
  Root: kṛś (class 1)

माद्रीसुतः (mādrīsutaḥ) - Refers to Sahadeva. (son of Mādrī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mādrīsuta

mādrīsuta - son of Mādrī

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (mādrī+suta)

• mādrī – Mādrī (name of one of Pāṇḍu's wives, mother of Nakula and Sahadeva)
  proper noun (feminine)
• suta – son, born
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle (substantivized)
  From root sū (to bear, produce)
  Root: sū (class 2)

शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head

Note: Object of acchinat.

यन्तुः (yantuḥ) - Refers to Duḥśāsana's charioteer. (of the charioteer, of the guide)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yantu

yantu - charioteer, guide, driver

Agent noun

Derived from root yam (to control, restrain)

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Possessive for śiraḥ.

सशिरस्त्राणम् (saśirastrāṇam) - with the helmet, along with the head-protection

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saśirastrāṇa

saśirastrāṇa - with the helmet, having a helmet

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+śirastrāṇa)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• śirastrāṇa – helmet, head-protection
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with śiraḥ.

अच्छिनत् (acchinat) - cut off, severed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of chid

Imperfect 3rd person singular Parasmaipada

From root chid, class 7 (chinatti, chintte)

Root: chid (class 7)