महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-112, verse-29

ते शरैर्भिन्नमर्माणो रथेभ्यः प्रापतन्क्षितौ ।
गिरिसानुरुहा भग्ना द्विपेनेव महाद्रुमाः ॥२९॥

29. te śarairbhinnamarmāṇo rathebhyaḥ prāpatankṣitau ,
girisānuruhā bhagnā dvipeneva mahādrumāḥ.

29. te śaraiḥ bhinnamarmāṇaḥ rathebhyah prāpatan kṣitau
girisānuruhāḥ bhagnāḥ dvipena iva mahādrumāḥ

29. śaraiḥ bhinnamarmāṇaḥ te rathebhyah kṣitau prāpatan,
iva dvipena girisānuruhāḥ mahādrumāḥ bhagnāḥ

29. With their vital parts pierced by arrows, they fell from their chariots to the ground, just as great trees grown on mountain slopes are broken by an elephant.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they (your sons) (they, those)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by (many) arrows (by arrows)

• भिन्नमर्माणः (bhinnamarmāṇaḥ) - (they), whose vital parts are pierced (by arrows) (whose vital parts are pierced)

• रथेभ्यह् (rathebhyah) - from their chariots (from chariots)

• प्रापतन् (prāpatan) - they fell (to the ground) (they fell down)

• क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the battlefield ground (on the earth, on the ground)

• गिरिसानुरुहाः (girisānuruhāḥ) - (great trees) grown on mountain slopes (grown on mountain slopes/peaks)

• भग्नाः (bhagnāḥ) - (great trees) broken (by an elephant) (broken, shattered)

• द्विपेन (dvipena) - by an elephant (in the simile) (by an elephant)

• इव (iva) - just as (in comparison) (like, as, as if)

• महाद्रुमाः (mahādrumāḥ) - (like) huge trees (great trees, large trees)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they (your sons) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the sons mentioned in the previous verse.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by (many) arrows (by arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Root: śṛ

Note: Agent of piercing.

भिन्नमर्माणः (bhinnamarmāṇaḥ) - (they), whose vital parts are pierced (by arrows) (whose vital parts are pierced)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhinnamarmāṇ

bhinnamarmāṇ - one whose vital parts are pierced

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (bhinna+marman)

• bhinna – pierced, broken, split
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  from √bhid (to break, pierce)
  Root: bhid (class 7)
• marman – vital spot, vulnerable part, secret
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with te.

रथेभ्यह् (rathebhyah) - from their chariots (from chariots)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ramh

Note: Indicates separation from the chariots.

प्रापतन् (prāpatan) - they fell (to the ground) (they fell down)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of prāpat

Imperfect tense

from pra-√pat (to fall)

Prefix: pra

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the battlefield ground (on the earth, on the ground)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kṣiti

kṣiti - earth, ground, dwelling

Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Location of falling.

गिरिसानुरुहाः (girisānuruhāḥ) - (great trees) grown on mountain slopes (grown on mountain slopes/peaks)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of girisānuruha

girisānuruha - grown on mountain slopes/peaks

from giri (mountain) + sānu (slope/peak) + ruha (grown, rising)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (giri+sānu+ruha)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gṛ
• sānu – peak, ridge, plateau, slope
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• ruha – growing, springing up, born from
  adjective
  Derived noun/adjective
  From √ruh (to grow, ascend)
  Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies mahādrumāḥ.

भग्नाः (bhagnāḥ) - (great trees) broken (by an elephant) (broken, shattered)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhagna

bhagna - broken, shattered, defeated

Past Passive Participle

from √bhañj (to break)

Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies mahādrumāḥ.

द्विपेन (dvipena) - by an elephant (in the simile) (by an elephant)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dvipa

dvipa - elephant (lit. 'two-drinker')

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (dvi+pa)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• pa – drinking, protecting
  noun/adjective
  from √pā (to drink/protect)
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Agent in the simile.

इव (iva) - just as (in comparison) (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

महाद्रुमाः (mahādrumāḥ) - (like) huge trees (great trees, large trees)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahādruma

mahādruma - large tree, great tree

Compound type : Karmadharaya (mahat+druma)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• druma – tree
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the simile, compared to te.