महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-112, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
भीमसेनस्य राधेयः श्रुत्वा ज्यातलनिस्वनम् ।
नामृष्यत यथा मत्तो गजः प्रतिगजस्वनम् ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
bhīmasenasya rādheyaḥ śrutvā jyātalanisvanam ,
nāmṛṣyata yathā matto gajaḥ pratigajasvanam.

1. saṃjayaḥ uvāca bhīmasenasya rādheyaḥ śrutvā jyātalanisvanam
na amṛṣyata yathā mattaḥ gajaḥ pratigajasvanam

1. saṃjayaḥ uvāca rādheyaḥ bhīmasenasya jyātalanisvanam
śrutvā yathā mattaḥ gajaḥ pratigajasvanam na amṛṣyata

1. Saṃjaya said: Having heard the twang of Bhīmasena's bowstring and the slapping sound (of his hand on it), Rādhā's son (Karṇa) could not endure it, just as an intoxicated elephant cannot tolerate the trumpeting of a rival elephant.

Words meanings summery:

• संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Saṃjaya (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• भीमसेनस्य (bhīmasenasya) - of Bhīmasena

• राधेयः (rādheyaḥ) - Rādhā's son (Karṇa)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• ज्यातलनिस्वनम् (jyātalanisvanam) - the sound of the bowstring and the hand-slap (on the bow)

• न (na) - not

• अमृष्यत (amṛṣyata) - tolerated, endured

• यथा (yathā) - just as, like, as

• मत्तः (mattaḥ) - intoxicated, maddened

• गजः (gajaḥ) - elephant

• प्रतिगजस्वनम् (pratigajasvanam) - the sound of a rival elephant

Words meanings and morphology

संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Saṃjaya (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

भीमसेनस्य (bhīmasenasya) - of Bhīmasena

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (name of the second Pāṇḍava)

राधेयः (rādheyaḥ) - Rādhā's son (Karṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rādheya

rādheya - son of Rādhā (Karṇa)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root: śru (class 5)

ज्यातलनिस्वनम् (jyātalanisvanam) - the sound of the bowstring and the hand-slap (on the bow)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jyātalanisvana

jyātalanisvana - sound of bowstring and hand-slap

Compound type : tatpurusha (jyā+tala+nisvana)

• jyā – bowstring
  noun (feminine)
• tala – palm of hand, sole of foot, surface
  noun (masculine)
• nisvana – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अमृष्यत (amṛṣyata) - tolerated, endured

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √mṛṣ

Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - just as, like, as

(indeclinable)

मत्तः (mattaḥ) - intoxicated, maddened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of matta

matta - intoxicated, excited, maddened, proud, lustful

Past Passive Participle

Root: mad (class 4)

गजः (gajaḥ) - elephant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gaja

gaja - elephant

प्रतिगजस्वनम् (pratigajasvanam) - the sound of a rival elephant

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pratigajasvana

pratigajasvana - the sound (roar, trumpeting) of a rival elephant

Compound type : tatpurusha (pratigaja+svana)

• pratigaja – rival elephant
  noun (masculine)
• svana – sound, noise, roar, trumpeting
  noun (masculine)