महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-16, verse-21

ततो रजन्यां व्युष्टायां शब्दः समभवन्महान् ।
क्रोशतां भूमिपालानां युज्यतां युज्यतामिति ॥२१॥

21. tato rajanyāṁ vyuṣṭāyāṁ śabdaḥ samabhavanmahān ,
krośatāṁ bhūmipālānāṁ yujyatāṁ yujyatāmiti.

21. tataḥ rajanyām vyuṣṭāyām śabdaḥ samabhavat mahān
krośatām bhūmipālānām yujyatām yujyatām iti

21. rajanyām vyuṣṭāyām tataḥ mahān śabdaḥ samabhavat
krośatām bhūmipālānām yujyatām yujyatām iti

21. Then, as the night was breaking, a great clamor arose as the kings shouted, "Let them be yoked! Let them be yoked!"

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, therefore)

• रजन्याम् (rajanyām) - in the night

• व्युष्टायाम् (vyuṣṭāyām) - as it was dawning (having dawned, become light)

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - a sound (sound, noise, word)

• समभवत् (samabhavat) - arose (arose, occurred, became)

• महान् (mahān) - great (great, mighty, large)

• क्रोशताम् (krośatām) - of those shouting (of those shouting, crying out)

• भूमिपालानाम् (bhūmipālānām) - of the kings (of kings, rulers)

• युज्यताम् (yujyatām) - Let them be yoked! (let them be yoked, let them be prepared)

• युज्यताम् (yujyatām) - Let them be yoked! (let them be yoked, let them be prepared)

• इति (iti) - (indicating quoted speech) (thus, so, in this manner (marks quoted speech))

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, therefore)

(indeclinable)

रजन्याम् (rajanyām) - in the night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of rajanī

rajanī - night

व्युष्टायाम् (vyuṣṭāyām) - as it was dawning (having dawned, become light)

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of vyuṣṭā

vyuṣṭā - dawned, light, broken (of night)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vas (to shine, dwell) with upasarga vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: vas (class 2)

Note: Agrees with rajanyām.

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - a sound (sound, noise, word)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word

समभवत् (samabhavat) - arose (arose, occurred, became)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sam-bhū

Imperfect 3rd person singular.

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject is śabdaḥ.

महान् (mahān) - great (great, mighty, large)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, mighty, large, eminent

Note: Agrees with śabdaḥ.

क्रोशताम् (krośatām) - of those shouting (of those shouting, crying out)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of krośat

krośat - shouting, crying, screaming

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √kruś (to cry, shout).

Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with bhūmipālānām.

भूमिपालानाम् (bhūmipālānām) - of the kings (of kings, rulers)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhūmipāla

bhūmipāla - king, ruler, protector of the earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūmi+pāla)

• bhūmi – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pāl (class 10)

युज्यताम् (yujyatām) - Let them be yoked! (let them be yoked, let them be prepared)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, imperative (loṭ) of yuj

Imperative 3rd person plural passive.

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Refers to chariots, elephants, horses to be prepared.

युज्यताम् (yujyatām) - Let them be yoked! (let them be yoked, let them be prepared)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, imperative (loṭ) of yuj

Imperative 3rd person plural passive.

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Repetition for emphasis.

इति (iti) - (indicating quoted speech) (thus, so, in this manner (marks quoted speech))

(indeclinable)