महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-16, verse-43

जृम्भमाणं महासिंहं दृष्ट्वा क्षुद्रमृगा यथा ।
धृष्टद्युम्नमुखाः सर्वे समुद्विविजिरे मुहुः ॥४३॥

43. jṛmbhamāṇaṁ mahāsiṁhaṁ dṛṣṭvā kṣudramṛgā yathā ,
dhṛṣṭadyumnamukhāḥ sarve samudvivijire muhuḥ.

43. jṛmbhamāṇam mahāsiṃham dṛṣṭvā kṣudramṛgāḥ yathā
dhṛṣṭadyumna-mukhāḥ sarve samudvivijire muhuḥ

43. yathā kṣudramṛgāḥ jṛmbhamāṇam mahāsiṃham dṛṣṭvā,
tathā sarve dhṛṣṭadyumna-mukhāḥ muhuḥ samudvivijire

43. Just as small deer (kṣudramṛga) tremble upon seeing a great lion (mahāsiṃha) roaring, so too all those led by Dhrishtadyumna were greatly terrified again and again.

Words meanings summery:

• जृम्भमाणम् (jṛmbhamāṇam) - roaring (like a lion) (yawning, roaring, expanding)

• महासिंहम् (mahāsiṁham) - a great lion

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• क्षुद्रमृगाः (kṣudramṛgāḥ) - small deer, small animals

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

• धृष्टद्युम्न-मुखाः (dhṛṣṭadyumna-mukhāḥ) - Refers to the Pandava warriors, with Dhrishtadyumna as their leader. (headed by Dhrishtadyumna)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all

• समुद्विविजिरे (samudvivijire) - they greatly trembled, they were terrified

• मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly, constantly, again and again

Words meanings and morphology

जृम्भमाणम् (jṛmbhamāṇam) - roaring (like a lion) (yawning, roaring, expanding)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jṛmbhamāṇa

jṛmbhamāṇa - yawning, stretching, opening wide, roaring

Present Participle (Atmanepada)

From root jṛmbh (to yawn, stretch, roar) + śānac suffix.

Root: jṛmbh (class 1)

Note: Used adjectivally.

महासिंहम् (mahāsiṁham) - a great lion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāsiṃha

mahāsiṁha - great lion

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+siṃha)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  From root mah (to be great).
  Root: mah
• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hiṃs

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root dṛś + ktvā suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially.

क्षुद्रमृगाः (kṣudramṛgāḥ) - small deer, small animals

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣudramṛga

kṣudramṛga - small animal, deer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (kṣudra+mṛga)

• kṣudra – small, minute, insignificant
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: kṣud
• mṛga – animal, deer, beast
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mṛj

Note: Subject of the implied verb in the simile.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the comparison.

धृष्टद्युम्न-मुखाः (dhṛṣṭadyumna-mukhāḥ) - Refers to the Pandava warriors, with Dhrishtadyumna as their leader. (headed by Dhrishtadyumna)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhṛṣṭadyumna-mukha

dhṛṣṭadyumna-mukha - having Dhrishtadyumna as their face/head

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛṣṭadyumna+mukha)

• dhṛṣṭadyumna – Dhrishtadyumna (name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• mukha – face, front, chief, leader
  noun (neuter)
  Root: muk

Note: Modifies sarve.

सर्वे (sarve) - all

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Subject, referring to the Pandava forces.

समुद्विविजिरे (samudvivijire) - they greatly trembled, they were terrified

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect indicative (liṭ) of sam-ud-vij

perfect

Root vij (to tremble) with upasargas sam- (together, completely) and ud- (up, out). Reduplication for perfect tense.

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Main verb of the latter part of the sentence.

मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly, constantly, again and again

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies samudvivijire.