महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-16, verse-28

गजा रथाः पदाताश्च तुरगाश्च विशां पते ।
व्यतिष्ठन्वागुराकाराः शतशोऽथ सहस्रशः ॥२८॥

28. gajā rathāḥ padātāśca turagāśca viśāṁ pate ,
vyatiṣṭhanvāgurākārāḥ śataśo'tha sahasraśaḥ.

28. gajāḥ rathāḥ padātāḥ ca turagāḥ ca viśām pate
vyatiṣṭhan vāgurā-ākārāḥ śataśaḥ atha sahasraśaḥ

28. viśām pate gajāḥ rathāḥ padātāḥ ca turagāḥ ca
vāgurā-ākārāḥ śataśaḥ atha sahasraśaḥ vyatiṣṭhan

28. O lord of the people (viśāṃ pate), elephants, chariots, foot soldiers, and horses stood, forming arrangements like nets (vāgurākāra), by hundreds and then by thousands.

Words meanings summery:

• गजाः (gajāḥ) - elephants

• रथाः (rathāḥ) - chariots

• पदाताः (padātāḥ) - foot soldiers, infantry

• च (ca) - and

• तुरगाः (turagāḥ) - horses

• च (ca) - and

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of men

• पते (pate) - O lord, O master

• व्यतिष्ठन् (vyatiṣṭhan) - they stood, they were arranged

• वागुरा-आकाराः (vāgurā-ākārāḥ) - having the appearance of nets, net-shaped

• शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds, in hundreds

• अथ (atha) - and, then, moreover

• सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

Words meanings and morphology

गजाः (gajāḥ) - elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gaja

gaja - elephant

From √gaj (to be drunk, to sound).

Root: gaj (class 1)

रथाः (rathāḥ) - chariots

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

from √ram (to delight, sport)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of vyatiṣṭhan.

पदाताः (padātāḥ) - foot soldiers, infantry

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of padāta

padāta - foot soldier, infantry, pedestrian

From pada (foot) + atā (walker), or from √ad (to eat) with prefix pṛ + ata? (more likely, a derivative of pad + i + ṭa).

Note: Subject of vyatiṣṭhan.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तुरगाः (turagāḥ) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of turaga

turaga - horse, quick-moving

From tura (quick) + √gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of vyatiṣṭhan.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of men

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, community, settlement, house

Root √viś (to enter).

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Part of vocative compound.

पते (pate) - O lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, owner

i-stem noun.

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

व्यतिष्ठन् (vyatiṣṭhan) - they stood, they were arranged

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sthā

Imperfect tense, active voice

Root √sthā, with prefixes vi- and ati-. 3rd person plural. The 'ṣ' comes from sandhi with 'ati'.

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: sthā (class 1)

वागुरा-आकाराः (vāgurā-ākārāḥ) - having the appearance of nets, net-shaped

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vāgurā-ākāra

vāgurā-ākāra - net-shaped, having the form of a net

Compound type : tatpurusha (vāgurā+ākāra)

• vāgurā – net, snare, trap (for deer, etc.)
  noun (feminine)
• ākāra – form, shape, appearance, gesture
  noun (masculine)
  From ā-kṛ (to do, make).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Describes how the troops were arranged.

शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds, in hundreds

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed with suffix -śas from śata (hundred).

अथ (atha) - and, then, moreover

(indeclinable)

Particle indicating sequence or transition.

सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed with suffix -śas from sahasra (thousand).