महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-16, verse-10

शृणु मे विस्तरेणेदं विचित्रं परमाद्भुतम् ।
भारतानां महद्युद्धं यथाभूल्लोमहर्षणम् ॥१०॥

10. śṛṇu me vistareṇedaṁ vicitraṁ paramādbhutam ,
bhāratānāṁ mahadyuddhaṁ yathābhūllomaharṣaṇam.

10. śṛṇu me vistareṇa idam vicitram paramādbhutam
bhāratānām mahat yuddham yathā abhūt lomaharṣaṇam

10. me vistareṇa idam vicitram paramādbhutam yathā
bhāratānām mahat lomaharṣaṇam yuddham abhūt śṛṇu

10. Listen from me in detail to this strange and supremely amazing account of how the great, hair-raising war of the Bharatas occurred.

Words meanings summery:

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

• मे (me) - from me, to me, for me

• विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, at length

• इदम् (idam) - this, this (story/account)

• विचित्रम् (vicitram) - strange, wonderful, variegated

• परमाद्भुतम् (paramādbhutam) - supremely amazing, exceedingly wondrous

• भारतानाम् (bhāratānām) - of the Bharatas, of the descendants of Bharata

• महत् (mahat) - great, mighty

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - war, battle

• यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

• अभूत् (abhūt) - occurred, happened, was

• लोमहर्षणम् (lomaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising, thrilling

Words meanings and morphology

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative, active voice, 2nd person singular.

Root: śru (class 5)

मे (me) - from me, to me, for me

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (first person pronoun)

Enclitic form of `asmad`.

विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, at length

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vistara

vistara - detail, expansion, prolixity

From root `stṛ` (to spread) with prefix `vi`.

Prefix: vi

Root: stṛ (class 5)

इदम् (idam) - this, this (story/account)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Object of 'listen'.

विचित्रम् (vicitram) - strange, wonderful, variegated

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vicitra

vicitra - strange, wonderful, variegated, diverse

Prefix: vi

Root: citr

Note: Modifies `idam`.

परमाद्भुतम् (paramādbhutam) - supremely amazing, exceedingly wondrous

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paramādbhuta

paramādbhuta - supremely amazing, exceedingly wondrous

Karmadhāraya compound of `parama` (supreme) and `adbhuta` (wonderful).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+adbhuta)

• parama – supreme, highest, ultimate
  adjective
  Superlative of `para`.
• adbhuta – wonderful, amazing, miraculous
  adjective/noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies `idam`.

भारतानाम् (bhāratānām) - of the Bharatas, of the descendants of Bharata

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, Indian

Derived from `bharata`.

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `yuddham`.

महत् (mahat) - great, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, mighty

Present active participle of `mah` (to be great), used as an adjective.

Root: mah (class 1)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - war, battle

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle

From root `yudh` (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of `abhūt`.

यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

Introduces a subordinate clause.

अभूत् (abhūt) - occurred, happened, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist, 3rd person singular.

Root: bhū (class 1)

लोमहर्षणम् (lomaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising, thrilling

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lomaharṣaṇa

lomaharṣaṇa - causing the hair to stand on end, thrilling, horrifying

Tatpuruṣa compound of `loman` (hair) and `harṣaṇa` (causing to thrill).

Compound type : tatpurusha (loman+harṣaṇa)

• loman – hair (of the body)
  noun (neuter)
• harṣaṇa – causing to thrill, exciting, gladdening
  adjective/noun (neuter)
  Agent Noun / Verbal Noun
  From root `hṛṣ` (to be excited, to stand on end) with suffix `-ana`.
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies `yuddham`.

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