महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-94, verse-2

कः स्विदुत्तरमेतस्माद्वक्तुमुत्सहते पुमान् ।
इति सर्वे मनोभिस्ते चिन्तयन्ति स्म पार्थिवाः ॥२॥

2. kaḥ sviduttarametasmādvaktumutsahate pumān ,
iti sarve manobhiste cintayanti sma pārthivāḥ.

2. kaḥ svit uttaram etasmāt vaktum utsahate pumān
iti sarve manobhiḥ te cintayanti sma pārthivāḥ

2. "Which man, indeed, would dare to offer a rebuttal to this statement?" Thus, all the kings pondered in their minds.

Words meanings summery:

• कः (kaḥ) - who? what?

• स्वित् (svit) - indeed, pray, perhaps (interrogative particle)

• उत्तरम् (uttaram) - answer, reply, counter-argument

• एतस्मात् (etasmāt) - from this (person/statement)

• वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak, to utter

• उत्सहते (utsahate) - he dares, he undertakes, he exerts himself

• पुमान् (pumān) - a man, a male

• इति (iti) - thus, so, (marks direct speech)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• मनोभिः (manobhiḥ) - with minds, by thoughts

• ते (te) - they, those

• चिन्तयन्ति (cintayanti) - they think, they ponder

• स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past action)

• पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - kings, earthly rulers

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - who? what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

स्वित् (svit) - indeed, pray, perhaps (interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic or interrogative particle.

उत्तरम् (uttaram) - answer, reply, counter-argument

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttara

uttara - answer, reply, north, later, superior

एतस्मात् (etasmāt) - from this (person/statement)

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to Krishna's statement.

वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak, to utter

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive from root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

उत्सहते (utsahate) - he dares, he undertakes, he exerts himself

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of sah

Prefix: ud

Root: sah (class 1)

Note: `ut-sah` means to dare, to undertake with effort.

पुमान् (pumān) - a man, a male

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pum

pum - man, male, person

इति (iti) - thus, so, (marks direct speech)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of the kings' thought.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Qualifies pārthivāḥ.

मनोभिः (manobhiḥ) - with minds, by thoughts

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the kings.

चिन्तयन्ति (cintayanti) - they think, they ponder

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of cint

Denominative from cintā (thought), or 10th class root

Root: cit (class 10)

स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past action)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with present participle cintayanti to denote a continuous past action: 'they were thinking'.

पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - kings, earthly rulers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, earthly ruler, prince

from pṛthivī (earth)