महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-94, verse-39

एतैर्विद्धाः सर्व एव मरणं यान्ति मानवाः ।
उन्मत्ताश्च विचेष्टन्ते नष्टसंज्ञा विचेतसः ॥३९॥

39. etairviddhāḥ sarva eva maraṇaṁ yānti mānavāḥ ,
unmattāśca viceṣṭante naṣṭasaṁjñā vicetasaḥ.

39. etaiḥ viddhāḥ sarve eva maraṇam yānti mānavāḥ
unmattāḥ ca viceṣṭante naṣṭasaṃjñāḥ vicetasaḥ

39. All humans afflicted by these (torments) indeed meet their death. They become mad and struggle wildly, having lost their consciousness and becoming devoid of reason.

Words meanings summery:

• एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these (torments mentioned in the previous verse) (by these)

• विद्धाः (viddhāḥ) - afflicted (pierced, struck, afflicted)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (humans) (all, every)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• मरणम् (maraṇam) - death, dying

• यान्ति (yānti) - they meet (death) (they go, they obtain, they reach)

• मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - humans, men

• उन्मत्ताः (unmattāḥ) - mad, insane, frantic

• च (ca) - and, also

• विचेष्टन्ते (viceṣṭante) - they struggle wildly (they struggle, they act frantically, they act improperly)

• नष्टसंज्ञाः (naṣṭasaṁjñāḥ) - having lost their consciousness (whose consciousness is lost, senseless, unconscious)

• विचेतसः (vicetasaḥ) - becoming devoid of reason (devoid of mind, senseless, confused)

Words meanings and morphology

एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these (torments mentioned in the previous verse) (by these)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to the eight tortures mentioned.

विद्धाः (viddhāḥ) - afflicted (pierced, struck, afflicted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viddha

viddha - pierced, struck, wounded, afflicted

Past Passive Participle

P.P.P. of root vyadh (to pierce)

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Refers to the state of being struck or affected.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (humans) (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

मरणम् (maraṇam) - death, dying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of maraṇa

maraṇa - death, dying

From root mṛ (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 1)

यान्ति (yānti) - they meet (death) (they go, they obtain, they reach)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - humans, men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mānava

mānava - human, man, descendant of Manu

उन्मत्ताः (unmattāḥ) - mad, insane, frantic

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of unmatta

unmatta - mad, insane, frantic, intoxicated

Past Passive Participle

P.P.P. of root mad (to be mad) with ud

Prefix: ud

Root: mad (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विचेष्टन्ते (viceṣṭante) - they struggle wildly (they struggle, they act frantically, they act improperly)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of ceṣṭ

Prefix: vi

Root: ceṣṭ (class 1)

Note: From root ceṣṭ with upasarga 'vi'.

नष्टसंज्ञाः (naṣṭasaṁjñāḥ) - having lost their consciousness (whose consciousness is lost, senseless, unconscious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of naṣṭasaṃjñā

naṣṭasaṁjñā - having lost consciousness, senseless, unconscious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (naṣṭa+saṃjñā)

• naṣṭa – lost, destroyed, perished
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  P.P.P. of root naś (to perish)
  Root: naś (class 4)
• saṃjñā – consciousness, awareness, designation
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: sam

विचेतसः (vicetasaḥ) - becoming devoid of reason (devoid of mind, senseless, confused)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vicetas

vicetas - devoid of mind, senseless, confused, distracted

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+cetas)

• vi – without, apart, dis-
  indeclinable
• cetas – mind, intellect, consciousness
  noun (neuter)