महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-94, verse-14

ब्राह्मणा ऊचुः ।
नरो नारायणश्चैव तापसाविति नः श्रुतम् ।
आयातौ मानुषे लोके ताभ्यां युध्यस्व पार्थिव ॥१४॥

14. brāhmaṇā ūcuḥ ,
naro nārāyaṇaścaiva tāpasāviti naḥ śrutam ,
āyātau mānuṣe loke tābhyāṁ yudhyasva pārthiva.

14. brāhmaṇāḥ ūcuḥ naraḥ nārāyaṇaḥ ca eva tāpasau iti naḥ
śrutam āyātau mānuṣe loke tābhyām yudhyasva pārthiva

14. The Brahmins said: 'We have heard that Nara and Nārāyaṇa are indeed ascetics (tāpasau). They have arrived in the human world. O King, you should fight them!'

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins, priests

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

• नरः (naraḥ) - Nara (proper name) (man, a man)

• नारायणः (nārāyaṇaḥ) - Nārāyaṇa (proper name)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

• तापसौ (tāpasau) - ascetics, hermits, performers of (tapas)

• इति (iti) - thus (marks the end of quoted speech or an assertion) (thus, so, in this way)

• नः (naḥ) - by us (by us, to us, our)

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard (heard, revealed, taught)

• आयातौ (āyātau) - have arrived (come, arrived)

• मानुषे (mānuṣe) - in the human (modifies loke) (in the human, in the human world)

• लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm

• ताभ्याम् (tābhyām) - against them (in context of fighting) (with them (dual), by them (dual))

• युध्यस्व (yudhyasva) - fight!, contend!

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O King, ruler of the earth

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins, priests

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, a priest, belonging to Brahman

From brahman (Veda, sacred knowledge)

Note: Subject of ūcuḥ.

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense

3rd person plural active of root vac. Root vac undergoes reduplication and vowel change to uc.

Root: vac (class 2)

नरः (naraḥ) - Nara (proper name) (man, a man)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human being

Note: Subject.

नारायणः (nārāyaṇaḥ) - Nārāyaṇa (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārāyaṇa

nārāyaṇa - Narayana (a name of Vishnu)

From nāra (water, human beings) + ayana (path, abode). Abode of human beings or water.

Compound type : tatpurusha (nāra+ayana)

• nāra – water, human beings
  noun (neuter)
  From nṛ (man) or nīra (water).
• ayana – going, path, abode
  noun (neuter)
  From root i (to go) + ana suffix.
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Subject.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Nara and Narayana.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

तापसौ (tāpasau) - ascetics, hermits, performers of (tapas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tāpasa

tāpasa - ascetic, hermit, related to (tapas)

From tapas (asceticism) + aṇ suffix.

Note: Refers to Nara and Narayana.

इति (iti) - thus (marks the end of quoted speech or an assertion) (thus, so, in this way)

(indeclinable)

नः (naḥ) - by us (by us, to us, our)

(pronoun)

plural of asmad

asmad - we, us (first person pronoun)

Enclitic form of asmad.

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard (heard, revealed, taught)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened, revealed, sacred knowledge

Past Passive Participle

From root śru (to hear) + kta suffix.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Used as a noun or adverbial participle here; "it is heard by us."

आयातौ (āyātau) - have arrived (come, arrived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of āyāta

āyāta - come, arrived

Past Passive Participle

From root yā (to go) + upasarga ā + kta suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Refers to Nara and Narayana.

मानुषे (mānuṣe) - in the human (modifies loke) (in the human, in the human world)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, relating to man

From manus (man) + a suffix.

Note: Adjective for loke.

लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people

From root lok (to see, to shine).

Root: lok (class 10)

Note: Place where they arrived.

ताभ्याम् (tābhyām) - against them (in context of fighting) (with them (dual), by them (dual))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine/feminine/neuter, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Instrumental dual form.

Note: Object of conflict for yudhyasva.

युध्यस्व (yudhyasva) - fight!, contend!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (lot) of yudh

Imperative mood

2nd person singular middle voice imperative of root yudh. yudh (4th class) -> yudhya + sva ending.

Root: yudh (class 4)

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O King, ruler of the earth

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, ruler, prince, earthly, terrestrial

From pṛthivī (earth) + aṇ suffix.

Note: Direct address to the king.