महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-5, chapter-94, verse-7
अस्ति कश्चिद्विशिष्टो वा मद्विधो वा भवेद्युधि ।
शूद्रो वैश्यः क्षत्रियो वा ब्राह्मणो वापि शस्त्रभृत् ॥७॥
शूद्रो वैश्यः क्षत्रियो वा ब्राह्मणो वापि शस्त्रभृत् ॥७॥
7. asti kaścidviśiṣṭo vā madvidho vā bhavedyudhi ,
śūdro vaiśyaḥ kṣatriyo vā brāhmaṇo vāpi śastrabhṛt.
śūdro vaiśyaḥ kṣatriyo vā brāhmaṇo vāpi śastrabhṛt.
7.
asti kaścit viśiṣṭaḥ vā madvidhaḥ vā bhavet yudhi
śūdraḥ vaiśyaḥ kṣatriyaḥ vā brāhmaṇaḥ vā api śastrabhṛt
śūdraḥ vaiśyaḥ kṣatriyaḥ vā brāhmaṇaḥ vā api śastrabhṛt
7.
He would inquire: 'Is there anyone in battle, be it a Shudra, a Vaishya, a Kshatriya, or even a Brahmin who carries weapons, who is superior to me or even my equal?'
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अस्ति (asti) - is there (implying a question) (is, exists)
- कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone, someone
- विशिष्टः (viśiṣṭaḥ) - distinguished, superior, special
- वा (vā) - or
- मद्विधः (madvidhaḥ) - equal to me (like me, of my kind/sort)
- वा (vā) - or
- भवेत् (bhavet) - is there (potential sense) (may be, should be)
- युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war
- शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - Shudra (member of the lowest varna)
- वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - Vaishya (member of the merchant/farmer varna)
- क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - Kshatriya (member of the warrior varna)
- वा (vā) - or
- ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - Brahmin (member of the priestly varna)
- वा (vā) - or
- अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)
- शस्त्रभृत् (śastrabhṛt) - one who carries weapons (even if a Brahmin) (weapon-bearer, armed)
Words meanings and morphology
अस्ति (asti) - is there (implying a question) (is, exists)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of as
Root: as (class 2)
कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone, someone
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid
kaścid - anyone, someone, a certain (person)
Compound of kim (what/who) and cid (particle)
Compound type : avyayībhāva (kim+cid)
- kim – who, what, which
pronoun (neuter) - cid – particle denoting indefiniteness
indeclinable
विशिष्टः (viśiṣṭaḥ) - distinguished, superior, special
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of viśiṣṭa
viśiṣṭa - distinguished, superior, special, excellent
Past Passive Participle
From vi- + √śiṣ (to distinguish) + kta suffix
Prefix: vi
Root: śiṣ (class 7)
Note: Predicative adjective for kaścit
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
मद्विधः (madvidhaḥ) - equal to me (like me, of my kind/sort)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of madvidha
madvidha - like me, of my kind, similar to me
Compound of mad (from asmad, me) and vidha (kind/sort)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mad+vidha)
- mad – me (ablative form of asmad)
pronoun
Ablative singular of asmad, used as first member of compound - vidha – kind, sort, manner
noun (masculine)
From √dhā (to place) and vi- (various)
Prefix: vi
Root: dhā (class 3)
Note: Predicative adjective for kaścit
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
भवेत् (bhavet) - is there (potential sense) (may be, should be)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū
Optative mood, third person singular
Root: bhū (class 1)
युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of yudh
yudh - battle, war, fight
From √yudh (to fight)
Root: yudh (class 4)
शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - Shudra (member of the lowest varna)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śūdra
śūdra - Shudra (member of the lowest of the four varnas), servant class
Note: One of the possible categories of "anyone"
वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - Vaishya (member of the merchant/farmer varna)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśya
vaiśya - Vaishya (member of the third of the four varnas), merchant, farmer class
Derived from viś (people)
Note: One of the possible categories of "anyone"
क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - Kshatriya (member of the warrior varna)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatriya
kṣatriya - Kshatriya (member of the second of the four varnas), warrior, ruler class
Derived from kṣatra (rule/dominion)
Note: One of the possible categories of "anyone"
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - Brahmin (member of the priestly varna)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - Brahmin (member of the highest of the four varnas), priestly class
Derived from brahman (Vedic scripture/ultimate reality)
Note: One of the possible categories of "anyone"
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)
(indeclinable)
शस्त्रभृत् (śastrabhṛt) - one who carries weapons (even if a Brahmin) (weapon-bearer, armed)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śastrabhṛt
śastrabhṛt - weapon-bearer, armed, carrying arms
Compound of śastra (weapon) and bhṛt (bearing/holding, from √bhṛ)
Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (śastra+bhṛt)
- śastra – weapon, instrument, sword
noun (neuter)
From √śaṃs (to hurt)
Root: śaṃs (class 1) - bhṛt – bearing, supporting, maintaining
adjective
From root √bhṛ (to bear, carry, hold)
Root: bhṛ (class 1)
Note: Qualifies any of the listed varnas, particularly 'brāhmaṇaḥ'