महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-49, verse-5

पृथग्भूताः पाण्डवानां पाञ्चालानां रथव्रजाः ।
आयान्तमभिनन्दन्ति कुन्तीपुत्रं युधिष्ठिरम् ॥५॥

5. pṛthagbhūtāḥ pāṇḍavānāṁ pāñcālānāṁ rathavrajāḥ ,
āyāntamabhinandanti kuntīputraṁ yudhiṣṭhiram.

5. pṛthak bhūtāḥ pāṇḍavānām pāñcālānām rathavrajāḥ
āyāntam abhinandanti kuntīputram yudhiṣṭhiram

5. The separate divisions of chariots belonging to the Pandavas and the Panchalas hail Yudhishthira, the son of Kunti, as he approaches.

Words meanings summery:

• पृथक् (pṛthak) - separated (as an adverb modifying the state of 'bhūtāḥ') (separately, apart, distinct)

• भूताः (bhūtāḥ) - having become (separated) (become, existing, being, formed)

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - belonging to the Pandavas (of the Pandavas)

• पाञ्चालानाम् (pāñcālānām) - belonging to the Panchalas (of the Panchalas)

• रथव्रजाः (rathavrajāḥ) - divisions of chariots (hosts of chariots, chariot divisions, multitude of chariots)

• आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - as he approaches, the approaching one (coming, approaching, arriving)

• अभिनन्दन्ति (abhinandanti) - they hail (they hail, they greet, they rejoice at, they praise)

• कुन्तीपुत्रम् (kuntīputram) - the son of Kunti (son of Kunti)

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (accusative))

Words meanings and morphology

पृथक् (pṛthak) - separated (as an adverb modifying the state of 'bhūtāḥ') (separately, apart, distinct)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here as part of a compound or closely associated with 'bhūtāḥ' (separated)

भूताः (bhūtāḥ) - having become (separated) (become, existing, being, formed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhūta

bhūta - been, become, existing, past, creature, element

past passive participle

From root √bhū (to be, become)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Past passive participle, agreeing with 'rathavrajāḥ'. Together with 'pṛthak' implies 'having become separate'.

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - belonging to the Pandavas (of the Pandavas)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, the Pandavas

Derived from Pāṇḍu (name of the father)

पाञ्चालानाम् (pāñcālānām) - belonging to the Panchalas (of the Panchalas)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - name of a country and its people (Panchalas)

रथव्रजाः (rathavrajāḥ) - divisions of chariots (hosts of chariots, chariot divisions, multitude of chariots)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rathavraja

rathavraja - host of chariots, multitude of chariots, chariot division

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+vraja)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• vraja – herd, multitude, troop, division
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vraj (class 1)

Note: The subject of the verb 'abhinandanti'

आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - as he approaches, the approaching one (coming, approaching, arriving)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āyānta

āyānta - coming, approaching, arriving

present active participle

From ā + √yā (to go) + śatṛ suffix

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Present active participle, agreeing with 'kuntīputram yudhiṣṭhiram'

अभिनन्दन्ति (abhinandanti) - they hail (they hail, they greet, they rejoice at, they praise)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √nand

root 'nand' (नन्द्) of class 1 (bhu-ādi), with prefix 'abhi'

Prefix: abhi

Root: nand (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'rathavrajāḥ'

कुन्तीपुत्रम् (kuntīputram) - the son of Kunti (son of Kunti)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kuntīputra

kuntīputra - son of Kunti (epithet for Yudhishthira, Bhima, Arjuna)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kuntī+putra)

• kuntī – Kunti (mother of the Pandavas)
  proper noun (feminine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Yudhishthira

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle, proper name of the eldest Pandava

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  locative singular of yudh (battle)
• sthira – firm, steady, constant
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: The object of the verb 'abhinandanti'