महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-49, verse-31

तपश्चचार या घोरं काशिकन्या पुरा सती ।
भीष्मस्य वधमिच्छन्ती प्रेत्यापि भरतर्षभ ॥३१॥

31. tapaścacāra yā ghoraṁ kāśikanyā purā satī ,
bhīṣmasya vadhamicchantī pretyāpi bharatarṣabha.

31. tapaḥ cacāra yā ghoram kāśikanyā purā satī
bhīṣmasya vadham icchanti pretya api bharatarṣabha

31. O best of Bharatas (bharatarṣabha), formerly, that virtuous daughter of Kāśi (Amba) performed a terrible austerity (tapas), desiring Bhīṣma's death even after she passed away.

Words meanings summery:

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, heat)

• चचार (cacāra) - she performed (austerity) (she performed, she wandered)

• या (yā) - who (referring to Kāśi princess) (who, which (feminine))

• घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible (austerity) (terrible, dreadful, fierce)

• काशिकन्या (kāśikanyā) - the princess of Kāśi (Amba) (daughter of Kāśi, princess of Kāśi)

• पुरा (purā) - formerly (formerly, anciently, in the past)

• सती (satī) - a virtuous (woman), chaste (being, existing; a virtuous woman, chaste woman)

• भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhīṣma

• वधम् (vadham) - death (of Bhīṣma) (slaying, killing, death, murder)

• इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - desiring (Bhīṣma's death) (desiring, wishing)

• प्रेत्य (pretya) - after death, in the next life (having died, in the next world, after death)

• अपि (api) - even (after death) (even, also, too)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas (a common epithet in Mahabharata for address) (O best of Bharatas, O bull of Bharatas)

Words meanings and morphology

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, heat)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - religious austerity, penance, spiritual fervor, heat

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Object of cacāra.

चचार (cacāra) - she performed (austerity) (she performed, she wandered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of car

Reduplicated Perfect (Lit)

car (to move/perform), 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada, Reduplicated Perfect.

Root: car (class 1)

या (yā) - who (referring to Kāśi princess) (who, which (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun, agrees with kāśikanyā.

घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible (austerity) (terrible, dreadful, fierce)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, fearful, fierce

Note: Agrees with tapaḥ.

काशिकन्या (kāśikanyā) - the princess of Kāśi (Amba) (daughter of Kāśi, princess of Kāśi)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kāśikanyā

kāśikanyā - daughter of the king of Kāśi (name of Amba)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāśi+kanyā)

• kāśi – Kāśi (an ancient kingdom and its capital, Varanasi)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kanyā – daughter, girl, virgin
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

पुरा (purā) - formerly (formerly, anciently, in the past)

(indeclinable)

सती (satī) - a virtuous (woman), chaste (being, existing; a virtuous woman, chaste woman)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, virtuous; a virtuous woman

Present Active Participle

Feminine nominative singular of sat (present participle of as, to be).

Root: as (class 2)

भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (a prominent character in the Mahābhārata)

Note: Possessive, related to vadham.

वधम् (vadham) - death (of Bhīṣma) (slaying, killing, death, murder)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, slaying, murder, death

From root han (to strike/kill) with prefix va or an independent root.

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Sometimes neuter, here masculine in accusative singular.

इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - desiring (Bhīṣma's death) (desiring, wishing)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of icchant

icchant - desiring, wishing

Present Active Participle

Feminine nominative singular of the present participle from root iṣ (to wish, desire) with reduplication and cch insertion.

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Used as an attribute of the subject.

प्रेत्य (pretya) - after death, in the next life (having died, in the next world, after death)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive of pra-i (to go forth, to die).

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

अपि (api) - even (after death) (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Follows the word it emphasizes.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas (a common epithet in Mahabharata for address) (O best of Bharatas, O bull of Bharatas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of Bharatas, bull among Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a king
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent one
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used as an address.