महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-48, verse-43

यदाह भरतश्रेष्ठो भीष्मस्तत्क्रियतां नृप ।
न काममर्थलिप्सूनां वचनं कर्तुमर्हसि ॥४३॥

43. yadāha bharataśreṣṭho bhīṣmastatkriyatāṁ nṛpa ,
na kāmamarthalipsūnāṁ vacanaṁ kartumarhasi.

43. yat āha bharataśreṣṭhaḥ bhīṣmaḥ tat kriyatām nṛpa
na kāmam arthalipsūnām vacanam kartum arhasi

43. O king, let what Bhishma, the best of the Bharatas, has said, be done. You should not, out of desire, follow the words of those who are greedy for wealth.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - what (Bhishma said) (which, what, that which)

• आह (āha) - he said, he spoke

• भरतश्रेष्ठः (bharataśreṣṭhaḥ) - Refers to Bhishma (best of Bharatas)

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• तत् (tat) - that (which Bhishma said) (that, that (thing))

• क्रियताम् (kriyatām) - let it be done, it should be done

• नृप (nṛpa) - Addressing Dhritarashtra (O king)

• न (na) - not, no

• कामम् (kāmam) - willingly, gladly, out of desire

• अर्थलिप्सूनाम् (arthalipsūnām) - Of those counselors who seek personal gain (of those desirous of wealth, of those greedy for gain)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - counsel, advice (word, speech, advice, statement)

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to follow (advice) (to do, to make, to perform)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should (you ought, you are able, you are fit)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - what (Bhishma said) (which, what, that which)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yat

yat - which, what, that which

Relative pronoun.

Note: Serves as the object of āha.

आह (āha) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active

From root √vac (to speak). Third person singular, Perfect, with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: vac (class 2)

भरतश्रेष्ठः (bharataśreṣṭhaḥ) - Refers to Bhishma (best of Bharatas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharataśreṣṭha

bharataśreṣṭha - best among the Bharatas, chief of the Bharatas

Compound of bharata (Bharata) + śreṣṭha (best).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (bharata+śreṣṭha)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata, name of a king
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective
  Superlative degree of praśasya (praiseworthy).

Note: Agrees with bhīṣmaḥ.

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a Kuru warrior)

तत् (tat) - that (which Bhishma said) (that, that (thing))

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of kriyatām.

क्रियताम् (kriyatām) - let it be done, it should be done

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative passive

From root √kṛ (to do). Third person singular, Imperative, Passive.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

नृप (nṛpa) - Addressing Dhritarashtra (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler (literally, protector of men)

Compound of nṛ (man) + pa (protector, from √pā, to protect).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root √pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates the following verb arhasi.

कामम् (kāmam) - willingly, gladly, out of desire

(indeclinable)

Derived from root √kam (to desire).

Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular neuter of kāma used adverbially.

अर्थलिप्सूनाम् (arthalipsūnām) - Of those counselors who seek personal gain (of those desirous of wealth, of those greedy for gain)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of arthalipsū

arthalipsū - desirous of wealth, covetous, greedy for gain

Present active participle (desiderative stem of √labh)

Compound of artha (wealth) + lipsū (desirous of). lipsū is from desiderative of √labh (to obtain).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (artha+lipsū)

• artha – wealth, gain, purpose, object
  noun (masculine)
• lipsū – desirous of, wishing to obtain
  adjective
  Desiderative noun/adjective
  From desiderative stem of √labh (to obtain).
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Governs vacanam.

वचनम् (vacanam) - counsel, advice (word, speech, advice, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, saying, advice

Verbal noun

From root √vac (to speak) with suffix -ana.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Direct object of kartum arhasi.

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to follow (advice) (to do, to make, to perform)

(indeclinable (infinitive))

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should (you ought, you are able, you are fit)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present active

From root √arh (to deserve). Second person singular, Present, Active.

Root: arh (class 1)