महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-48, verse-38

सहितान्हि कुरून्सर्वानभियातो धनंजयः ।
प्रमथ्य चाच्छिनद्गावः किमयं प्रोषितस्तदा ॥३८॥

38. sahitānhi kurūnsarvānabhiyāto dhanaṁjayaḥ ,
pramathya cācchinadgāvaḥ kimayaṁ proṣitastadā.

38. sahitān hi kurūn sarvān abhiyātaḥ dhanaṃjayaḥ
pramathya ca acchinat gāvaḥ kim ayam proṣitaḥ tadā

38. Indeed, Dhanaṃjaya (Arjuna) advanced against all the assembled Kurus, and having crushed them, he recovered the cattle. Was he, the exiled one, the same person who did that then?

Words meanings summery:

• सहितान् (sahitān) - Accompanied, together with

• हि (hi) - Indeed, surely

• कुरून् (kurūn) - The Kauravas, the adversaries of the Pāṇḍavas (Kurus (members of the Kuru dynasty))

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - All, whole

• अभियातः (abhiyātaḥ) - Approached, attacked, gone towards

• धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Arjuna (Dhanaṃjaya (Arjuna))

• प्रमथ्य (pramathya) - Having crushed, having defeated

• च (ca) - And

• अच्छिनत् (acchinat) - He recovered (the cattle) (He cut off, seized, recovered)

• गावः (gāvaḥ) - Cows

• किम् (kim) - Interrogative particle initiating the question: 'Was this one...?' (What?)

• अयम् (ayam) - This one (Arjuna) (This one)

• प्रोषितः (proṣitaḥ) - Exiled (referring to Arjuna during the period of incognito living) (Exiled, gone abroad)

• तदा (tadā) - Then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

सहितान् (sahitān) - Accompanied, together with

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied, united, endowed with

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sah (to bear, accompany) with prefix sa

Prefix: sa

Root: sah (class 1)

हि (hi) - Indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

कुरून् (kurūn) - The Kauravas, the adversaries of the Pāṇḍavas (Kurus (members of the Kuru dynasty))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - name of an ancient king, name of a country, people of the Kuru dynasty

सर्वान् (sarvān) - All, whole

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

अभियातः (abhiyātaḥ) - Approached, attacked, gone towards

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhiyāta

abhiyāta - approached, attacked, advanced

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yā with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: yā (class 2)

धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Arjuna (Dhanaṃjaya (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - conqueror of wealth; epithet of Arjuna

Compound of dhana (wealth) and jaya (victory/conqueror), derived from root ji

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest; conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)

प्रमथ्य (pramathya) - Having crushed, having defeated

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Derived from root math with prefix pra, using suffix -ya

Prefix: pra

Root: math (class 1)

च (ca) - And

(indeclinable)

अच्छिनत् (acchinat) - He recovered (the cattle) (He cut off, seized, recovered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of chid

Imperfect

Imperfect 3rd person singular, from root chid

Root: chid (class 7)

गावः (gāvaḥ) - Cows

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, bull, earth, ray of light

किम् (kim) - Interrogative particle initiating the question: 'Was this one...?' (What?)

(indeclinable)

अयम् (ayam) - This one (Arjuna) (This one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

प्रोषितः (proṣitaḥ) - Exiled (referring to Arjuna during the period of incognito living) (Exiled, gone abroad)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of proṣita

proṣita - gone abroad, absent, exiled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vas (to dwell) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: vas (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - Then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronoun tad