महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-36, verse-6

ददृशे पार्थिवो रेणुर्जनितस्तेन सर्पता ।
दृष्टिप्रणाशो भूतानां दिवस्पृङ्नरसत्तम ॥६॥

6. dadṛśe pārthivo reṇurjanitastena sarpatā ,
dṛṣṭipraṇāśo bhūtānāṁ divaspṛṅnarasattama.

6. dadṛśe pārthivaḥ reṇuḥ janitaḥ tena sarpatā
dṛṣṭipraṇāśaḥ bhūtānām divaspṛk narasattama

6. O best among men (narasattama), an earthly dust (pārthiva reṇu) was seen, generated by their movement, which touched the sky and destroyed the sight (dṛṣṭipraṇāśa) of all beings.

Words meanings summery:

• ददृशे (dadṛśe) - was seen, appeared

• पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - earthly, terrestrial, belonging to the earth

• रेणुः (reṇuḥ) - dust, sand, pollen

• जनितः (janitaḥ) - born, produced, generated

• तेन (tena) - by their (the army's) movement (by that, by him, by it)

• सर्पता (sarpatā) - by the advancing army (by creeping, by moving, by advancing)

• दृष्टिप्रणाशः (dṛṣṭipraṇāśaḥ) - destruction of sight, blindness

• भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings, of creatures

• दिवस्पृक् (divaspṛk) - touching the sky, sky-high

• नरसत्तम (narasattama) - Refers to Arjuna (O best among men)

Words meanings and morphology

ददृशे (dadṛśe) - was seen, appeared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, perfect (lit) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: From root dṛś, 3rd person singular perfect passive.

पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - earthly, terrestrial, belonging to the earth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, terrestrial, belonging to the earth

From pṛthivī + aṇ (taddhita suffix)

Note: Adjective modifying reṇuḥ.

रेणुः (reṇuḥ) - dust, sand, pollen

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of reṇu

reṇu - dust, sand, pollen

Note: Subject of the passive verb dadṛśe.

जनितः (janitaḥ) - born, produced, generated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janita

janita - born, produced, generated

Past Passive Participle

From root jan (to be born, to produce) + kta (suffix for PPP)

Root: jan (class 4)

तेन (tena) - by their (the army's) movement (by that, by him, by it)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the agent causing the dust, implicitly the army.

सर्पता (sarpatā) - by the advancing army (by creeping, by moving, by advancing)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sarpat

sarpat - creeping, moving, advancing

Present Active Participle

From root sṛp (to creep, to move) + śatṛ (suffix for PAP)

Root: sṛp (class 1)

दृष्टिप्रणाशः (dṛṣṭipraṇāśaḥ) - destruction of sight, blindness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭipraṇāśa

dṛṣṭipraṇāśa - destruction of sight, blindness

Compound type : tatpurusha (dṛṣṭi+praṇāśa)

• dṛṣṭi – sight, vision
  noun (feminine)
  From root dṛś + ktin
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• praṇāśa – destruction, loss
  noun (masculine)
  From pra + naś (to perish) + ghañ
  Prefix: pra
  Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Subject of implied verb, or predicate noun.

भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings, of creatures

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past

Past Passive Participle (of bhū)

From root bhū (to be) + kta

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Possessive, "of beings."

दिवस्पृक् (divaspṛk) - touching the sky, sky-high

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of divaspṛś

divaspṛś - touching the sky

Compound of divas (genitive of div "sky") and spṛś (root "to touch").

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (div+spṛś)

• div – sky, heaven, day
  noun (masculine)
• spṛś – touching, reaching
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/Adjective from root
  Root spṛś (to touch) used as nominal ending in compound
  Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Adjective modifying reṇuḥ.

नरसत्तम (narasattama) - Refers to Arjuna (O best among men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narasattama

narasattama - best among men

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+sattama)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative from sat (good)

Note: Directly addressing Arjuna.