महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-36, verse-37

उत्तरं तु प्रधावन्तमनुद्रुत्य धनंजयः ।
गत्वा पदशतं तूर्णं केशपक्षे परामृशत् ॥३७॥

37. uttaraṁ tu pradhāvantamanudrutya dhanaṁjayaḥ ,
gatvā padaśataṁ tūrṇaṁ keśapakṣe parāmṛśat.

37. uttaram tu pradhāvantam anudrutya dhanañjayaḥ
gatvā padaśatam tūrṇam keśapakṣe parāmṛśat

37. But Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), having swiftly pursued Uttara as he ran, went a hundred steps and quickly seized him by his lock of hair.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्तरम् (uttaram) - Uttara, the prince (Uttara, northern, later, superior)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• प्रधावन्तम् (pradhāvantam) - running swiftly (running swiftly, fleeing quickly)

• अनुद्रुत्य (anudrutya) - having pursued (having followed, having pursued)

• धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) (Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), conqueror of wealth)

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

• पदशतम् (padaśatam) - a hundred steps

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

• केशपक्षे (keśapakṣe) - by his lock of hair (on the lock of hair, by the tuft of hair)

• परामृशत् (parāmṛśat) - he seized (he seized, he caught, he grasped)

Words meanings and morphology

उत्तरम् (uttaram) - Uttara, the prince (Uttara, northern, later, superior)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of uttara

uttara - Uttara (son of King Virāṭa), northern, later, superior

Note: Object of pradhāvantam and implied object of anudrutya.

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a contrast or continuation.

प्रधावन्तम् (pradhāvantam) - running swiftly (running swiftly, fleeing quickly)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pradhāvat

pradhāvat - running swiftly, fleeing quickly

Present Active Participle

From root dhāv (to run) with prefix pra- and suffix -at (pr.p.act).

Prefix: pra

Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: Qualifies uttaram.

अनुद्रुत्य (anudrutya) - having pursued (having followed, having pursued)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root dru (to run) with prefix anu- and suffix -ya (lyap).

Prefix: anu

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Action preceding the main verb.

धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) (Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), conqueror of wealth)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), conqueror of wealth

Compound of dhana (wealth) + jaya (victory/conqueror).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  From root ji (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root gam (to go) with suffix -tvā.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Action preceding the main verb.

पदशतम् (padaśatam) - a hundred steps

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of padaśata

padaśata - a hundred steps

Compound of pada (step, foot) + śata (hundred).

Compound type : dvigu (pada+śata)

• pada – step, foot, word, position
  noun (neuter)
• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates distance covered.

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies gatvā and parāmṛśat.

केशपक्षे (keśapakṣe) - by his lock of hair (on the lock of hair, by the tuft of hair)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of keśapakṣa

keśapakṣa - lock of hair, tuft of hair

Compound of keśa (hair) + pakṣa (side, wing, tuft).

Compound type : tatpurusha (keśa+pakṣa)

• keśa – hair
  noun (masculine)
• pakṣa – side, wing, tuft, party
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates the place or point of seizure.

परामृशत् (parāmṛśat) - he seized (he seized, he caught, he grasped)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of parāmṛś

Imperfect

Root mṛś (to touch) with prefix parā- in imperfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Prefix: parā

Root: mṛś (class 6)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.